医学免疫学英文词汇

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医学免疫学最全英文词汇AAcquiredimmunedeficiencysyndrome,AIDS获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）Acquiredimmunity获得性免疫Activationinducedcelldeath,AICD活化诱导的细胞死亡Activeimmunotherapy主动免疫治疗Acutephaseprotein急性时相蛋白Adapter转接蛋白Adaptiveimmunity适应性免疫Addressin地址素Adenosinedeaminase腺苷脱氨酶Adjuvant佐剂Adoptiveimmunity过继免疫Adoptiveimmunotherapy，AIT过继免疫治疗Affinity亲和力Affinitymaturation亲和力成熟Agglutination凝集反应Allelicexclusion等位排斥Allergen变应原Allergin变应素Allergy变态反应Allogenicantigen同种异型抗原Allograft同种异型移植Allotype同种异型Allorecognition同种异型识别Alpha-fetoprotein,AFP甲种胎儿球蛋白Alternativepathway旁路途径Anamnesticresponse回忆应答Anaphylacticshock过敏性休克Anaphylactogen过敏原Anaphylaxis过敏反应Anchorresidue锚定残基Ankylosingspondylitis,AS强直性脊柱炎Antibacterialimmuneserum抗菌免疫血清Antibody,Ab抗体Antibody-dependentcell-mediatedcytotoxicity,ADCC抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒作用Antiviralimmuneserum抗病毒免疫血清Antigen,Ag抗原Antigenicdeterminant抗原决定簇Antigeninternalimage抗原内影像Antigen-presentingcells,APC抗原提呈细胞Antigenspecificimmuneresponse抗原特异性免疫应答Antigenicity抗原性

1Anti-idiotype抗独特型Antitoxicserum抗毒素血清Apoptosis细胞凋亡Apoptosiscellassociatedmolecularpattern,ACAMP凋亡细胞相关的分子模式Apoptoticbody凋亡小体Artificialactiveimmunization人工主动免疫Artificialpassiveimmunization人工被动免疫Ataxiatelangiectasiasyndrome,AT毛细血管扩张共济失调综合征Atopicdermatitis特应性皮炎Autocrine自分泌Autograft自体移植Autoimmuneantibody自身抗体Autoimmunedisease,AID自身免疫性疾病Autoimmunehemolyticanemia自身免疫性溶血性贫血Autoimmunethrombocytopenicpurpura自身免疫性血小板减少性紫癜Autoimmunity自身免疫BBacillusCalmetteGuerin,BCG卡介苗Barelymphocytesyndrome,BLS裸淋巴细胞综合征Basophil嗜碱性粒细胞BcellepitopeB细胞表位BcellhybridomaB细胞杂交瘤Bcelllinkerptotein,BLNKB细胞连接蛋白Bcellreceptor,BCRB细胞（抗原识别）受体Biotin-avidinsystem,BAS生物素-亲和素系统Bispecificantibody,BsAb双特异性抗体Blockingantibody封闭抗体BlymphocyteB淋巴细胞Bonemarrow骨髓Bonemarrowtransplantation,BMT骨髓移植Bradykinin缓激肽CC1inhibitor,C1INHC1抑制分子C4bindingprotein,C4bpC4结合蛋白C8bindingprotein,C8bpC8结合蛋白C-reactiveprotein,CRPC-反应蛋白Cadherin钙粘蛋白Calcineurin钙神经素（钙调磷酸酶）Calmodulin钙调蛋白Carcinoembryonicantigen,CEA癌胚抗原Carrier载体Cecropins杀菌肽Celladhesionmolecules,CAM细胞粘附分子

2Chediak-HigashisyndromeChediak-Higashi综合征Chemokine趋化性细胞因子Chimericantibody嵌合抗体Chronicgranulomatousdisease,CGD慢性肉芽肿病ClassⅡtransactivator,CⅡTAⅡ类反式活化子Classswitch类别转换Classicalpathway经典途径Clonalanergy克隆无能Clonaldeletion克隆删除Clonalelimination克隆消除Clonalexpansion克隆扩增Clusterofdifferentiation,CD分化群Colonystimulatingfactor,CSF集落刺激因子Commonvariableimmunodeficiency普通变化型免疫缺陷病Complement补体Complementdeficiency补体缺陷Complementreceptor补体受体Complementaritydeterminingregion,CDR互补性决定区Completeantigen完全抗原ConcanavalinA,ConA刀豆蛋白AConformationaldeterminant构象决定基Constantregion恒定区，C区Co-receptor辅助受体Co-stimulatingsignal协同刺激信号Co-stimulatorymolecules,CM协同刺激分子Co-stimulatorymoleculereceptor,CMR协同刺激分子受体Crossreaction交叉反应Crypticdeterminant隐蔽决定基Cytokine,CK细胞因子Cytolytictype细胞溶解型Cytotoxictype细胞毒型CytotoxicTlymphocytes,CTL或Tc细胞毒性T细胞CytotoxicTlymphocytesantigen-4,CTLA-4细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（相关）抗原4DDecayacceleratingfactor,DAF衰变加速因子Defensins防御素Delayedtypehypersensitivity,DTH迟发型超敏反应DelayedtypehypersensitivityTcell,TDTH迟发型超敏反应性T细胞Dendriticcells,DC树突状细胞DiGeorgesyndromeDiGeorge综合征DiversitygeneD（多样化）基因DNAvaccineDNA疫苗Donor供者Doubleimmunodiffusion双向免疫扩散

3Doublenegativecell,DNcell双阴性细胞Doublepositivecell,DPcell双阳性细胞EErosettetestE花结试验Earlyphasereaction早期相反应Endocytosis胞吞作用Enzymeimmunoassay,EIA酶免疫测定Enzymelinkedimmunosorbentassay,ELISA酶联免疫吸附试验Eosinophil,Eos嗜酸性粒细胞Eosinophilchemotacticfactor,ECF嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子Eosinophilperoxidase,EPO嗜酸性粒细胞过氧化物酶Epitope表位Erythropoietin,EPO红细胞生成素Extracellularmatrix,ECM细胞外基质FFcreceptor,FcR结晶片断受体，Fc受体Flowcytometry,FCM流式细胞术Fluorescence-activatedcellsorter,FACS荧光活化细胞分类器Folliculardendriticcells,FDC滤泡树突状细胞Fragmentantigenbinding,Fab抗原结合片断Fragmentcrystallizable,Fc结晶片断FragmentofvariableregionFv片断Frameworkregion骨架区Freundcompleteadjuvant弗氏完全佐剂GGeneticengineeringantibody基因工程抗体Germlinegene胚系基因Germinalcenter生发中心Glycosylphosphatidylinositol,GPI糖磷脂酰肌醇Graftversushostreaction,GVHR移植物抗宿主反应Granuleexocytosis颗粒胞吐Granulocytecolonystimulatingfactor,G-CSF粒细胞集落刺激因子Granulocyte-macrophagecolonystimulatingfactor,GM-CSF粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子Granzyme,Gz颗粒酶Gravedisease毒性弥漫性甲状腺炎Growthfactor生长因子Growthfactorreceptorbindingprotein-2，Grb-2生长因子受体结合蛋白2Guaninenucleotideexchangefactor,GEF鸟苷酸置换因子Gut-associatedlymphoidtissue,GALT肠伴随（相关）淋巴组织HHaplotype单元型Hapten半抗原Hashimoto’sthyroiditis桥本甲状腺炎Heatshockprotein,HSP热休克蛋白

4Heavychain重链，H链HelperTcells(lymphocytes),Th辅助性T细胞Hemolyticplaqueassay溶血空斑试验Hemopoieticstemcell,HSC造血干细胞Heterophilantigen异嗜性抗原Hiddenantigen隐蔽抗原Highendothelialvenule,HEV高内皮细胞小静脉Hingeregion铰链区Histamin组胺Histocompatibilityantigen-2,H-2小鼠的组织相容性抗原HLAgenotypingHLA基因分型Homologousrestrictionfactor,HRF同源限制因子Hostversusgraftreaction,HVGR宿主抗移植物反应Humanimmunodeficiencyvirus,HIV人类免疫缺陷病毒Humanleukocyteantigen,HLA人类白细胞抗原Humanizedantibody人源化抗体Humoralimmunity体液免疫Hypersensitivity超敏反应Hypervariableregion,HVR高变区IIdiotype,Id独特型Idiotypenetwork独特型网络Immediatehypersensitivity速发型超敏反应Immuneadherent,IA免疫粘附Immunecomplex,IC免疫复合物Immunefunctionrelatedgene免疫功能相关基因Immuneregulation免疫调节Immuneresponse免疫应答Immuneresponseregion免疫应答区Immuneserum免疫血清Immunesurveillance免疫监视Immunesystem免疫系统Immunity免疫Immunocyte免疫细胞Immunodeficiencydisease,IDD免疫缺陷病Immunofluorescence免疫荧光法Immunogenicity免疫原性Immunoglobulin,Ig免疫球蛋白Immunoglobulinsuperfamily,IgSF免疫球蛋白超家族Immunohistochemistrytechnique免疫组化技术Immunologicalcompetence免疫适能Immunologicalignorance,;免疫忽视Immunologicaltolerance免疫耐受Immunologicalnon-responsiveness免疫不应答

5Immunologicallyprivilegedsites免疫隔离部位Immunology免疫学Immunoreceptortyrosine-basedactivationmotifs,ITAM免疫受体酪氨酸活化基序Immunoreceptortyrosine-basedinhibitorymotifs,ITIM免疫受体酪氨酸抑制基序Immunotherapy免疫治疗Inactivatedvaccine灭活疫苗Induciblenitricoxidesynthase,iNOS诱导型一氧化氮合成酶Inflammatorycell炎症细胞Innateimmunity固有（性）免疫Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate,IP3三磷酸肌醇Insulin-dependentdiabetesmellitus,IDDM胰岛素依赖型糖尿病Intercellularadhesionmolecular,ICAM细胞间粘附分子Integrin整合素Interferon,IFN干扰素Interleukin,IL白细胞介素Internalization内化Imtraepitheliallymphocytes,IEL上皮细胞间淋巴细胞JJoiningchainJ链JoininggeneJ基因KKilleractivatoryreceptor,KAR杀伤细胞活化受体Killerinhibitoryreceptor,KIR杀伤细胞抑制受体Killerimmunoglobulinlikereceptor杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体Kininogenase激肽原酶LLangerhanscells,LC郎格汉斯细胞Largegranularlymphcytes,LGLs大颗粒淋巴细胞Latephasereaction晚期相反应Lectin凝集素Lectin-likecarbohydraterecognitiondomain,CRD凝集素样糖识别结构域Leucinerichrepeat,LRR富含亮氨酸的重复序列Leukin白细胞素Leukocyteadhesiondeficiency,LAD白细胞粘附缺陷Leukocytecommonantigen,LCA白细胞共同抗原Leukocytedifferentiationantigen,LDA白细胞分化抗原Leukotrienes(Leucotrienes),LTs白三烯Ligand配基，配体Lightchain轻链，L链LinkerforactivationofTcell,LATT细胞活化连接蛋白Lineardeterminant线性决定基Linkagedisequilibrium连锁不平衡Lipoteichoicacid,LTA磷壁酸Lipoxygenasepathway脂氧合酶途径

6Live-attenuatedvaccine减毒活疫苗Long-actingthyroidstimulator,LATS长效甲状腺刺激素Lowmolecular-weightpolypeptide,LMP低分子量多肽LPSbindingprotein,LBPLPS结合蛋白Lymphocyte淋巴细胞Lymphocytefunctionassociatedantigen,LFA淋巴细胞功能相关抗原Lymphocytehoming淋巴细胞归巢Lymphocytehomingreceptor,LHR淋巴细胞归巢受体LymphoidDC淋巴系树突状细胞Lymphoidprogenitor淋巴样祖细胞Lymphoidstemcells,LSC淋巴样干细胞Lymphokine,LK淋巴因子Lymphokineactivatedkillercell,LAK淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞Lymphotoxin,LT淋巴毒素β-lysin乙型溶素Lysosome-associatedmembraneproteins-1,LAMP-1溶酶体相关膜蛋白1Lysozyme溶菌酶MMacrophages,Mφ巨噬细胞Macrophagecolonystimulatingfactor,M-CSF巨噬细胞集落刺激因子Macropinocytosis巨吞饮Magainins爪蟾抗菌肽Majorhistocompatibilitycomplex,MHC主要组织相容性复合体Mannan-bindinglectin,MBL甘露糖结合凝集素Mannosebindingprotein,MBP甘露糖结合蛋白Mannosereceptor,MR甘露糖受体Mastcell,MC肥大细胞MBL-associatedserineprotease,MASPMBL伴随的丝氨酸蛋白酶Membraneattackcomplex,MAC膜攻击复合物Membranecofactorprotein,MCP膜辅助因子蛋白MembraneIg,mIg膜表面免疫球蛋白Membraneinhibitorofreactivelysis,MIRL膜反应性溶解抑制物Memorycells记忆细胞MHCclassⅠgeneMHCⅠ类基因MHCclassⅡgeneMHCⅡ类基因MHCclassⅢgeneMHCⅢ类基因MHCrestrictionMHC限制性MicrofoldcellM细胞，微小褶皱细胞β2-Microglobulin,β2-mβ2微球蛋白Minorhistocompatibilityantigen次要组织相容性抗原Mitogen丝裂原Mitogen-activationproteinkinase,MAPK丝裂原激活蛋白激酶Molecularmimicry分子模拟Monoclonalantibody,McAb单克隆抗体

7Monocyte单核细胞Monocytechemotacticprotein,MCP单核细胞趋化蛋白Monokine,MK单核因子Mononuclear-phagocytesystem,MPS单核-巨噬细胞系统Mucosal-associatedlymphoidtissue,MALT粘膜伴随（相关）淋巴组织Mucosalmastcell,MMC粘膜肥大细胞Multiplehematopoieticstemcells,HSC多能造血干细胞Multiplesclerosis,MS多发性硬化症Myastheniagravis,MG重症肌无力MyeloidDC髓系树突状细胞Myeloidstemcell髓样干细胞Myeloperoxidase,MPO髓过氧化物酶NNaiveT(B)cells初始T(B)细胞Naturalcytotoxiccell自然细胞毒性细胞Naturekillercell,NKcell自然杀伤细胞Neutrophils嗜中性粒细胞Nitricoxide,NO一氧化氮Nitrobluetetrazolium,NBT氮蓝四唑Non-classicalMHCclassⅠgene非经典性Ⅰ类基因Non-organspecificautoimmunedisease非器官特异性自身免疫病Non-specificimmunity非特异性免疫Nudemice裸小鼠，裸鼠OOpsonization调理作用Organspecificautoimmunedisease器官特异性自身免疫病PParacrine旁分泌Paroxysmalnocturnalhemoglobineria,PHN夜间血红蛋白尿Passiveimmunotherapy,被动免疫治疗Passivetransferoflymphocyte淋巴细胞被动转移Pathogenassociatedmolecularpattern,PAMP病原相关分子模式Patternrecognitionreceptor,PRR模式识别受体Peptideantibiotics肽抗菌素Peptidoglycan,PGN肽聚糖Perforin穿孔素Peripherallymphoidorgan外周淋巴器官Peyer’spatches派氏集合淋巴结Phagocyte吞噬细胞Phagocytosis吞噬作用Phagolysosome吞噬溶酶体PhosphatidylinnositalpathwayPI途径

8Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase,PI3-K磷脂酰肌醇3激酶Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate,PIP2磷脂酰肌醇4，5二磷酸Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate磷脂酰肌醇3，4，5三磷酸Phosphatidylserine,PS磷脂酰丝氨酸Phosphoinositides磷酸肌醇Phospholipase磷脂酶Phospholipidbilineurine磷脂胆碱Phosphotylinositide-3kinase磷酸肌醇-3激酶Phytohemagglutinin,PHA植物血凝素Pinocytosis胞饮作用Pinocytoticvesicle吞饮泡Placentalγglobulin胎盘丙种球蛋白Plaqueformingcell,PFC空斑形成细胞Plasmacells浆细胞Plateletactivatingfactor,PAF血小板活化因子PolymericIgreceptor,pIgR多聚免疫球蛋白受体Polymorphism多态性Polymorphicgenes多态性基因Polymorphonuclearneutrophils,PMN多形核嗜中性粒细胞Precipitation沉淀反应Primaryimmunodeficiencydisease,PIDD原发性免疫缺陷病Primaryresponse初次应答Pro-Bcell祖B细胞professionalantigenpresentingcells专职抗原提呈细胞Programmedcelldeath,PCD程序性细胞死亡Properdin,P备解素Prostaglandin,PG前列腺素ProteinkinaseC,PKC蛋白激酶CProteintyrosinekinase,PTK蛋白酪氨酸激酶Proteintyrosinephosphatase,PTP/PTPase蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶Proteolyticenzymecomplex蛋白水解酶复合体Proteosome蛋白酶体Purinenucleotidephosphorylase,PNP嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶Rγδ+Tcellγδ+T细胞Radioimmunoassay,RIA放射免疫测定法Reactivenitrogenintermediates,RNIs反应性氮中间物Reactiveoxygenintermediates,ROIs反应性氧中间物Rearrangement（基因）重排Receptorediting受体编辑Receptor-mediatedendocytosis受体介导的胞吞作用Recipient受者Recombinantantigenvaccine重组抗原疫苗Recombinantvectorvaccine重组载体疫苗

9Recombinase重组酶Recombinationactivatinggenes,RAG重组活化基因Recombinationsignalsequences,RSS重组信号序列Rejection（移植物的）排斥Rheumatoidarthritis,RA类风湿性关节炎Rheumatoidfactor,RF类风湿因子SScavengerreceptor,SR清杂受体Secondaryimmunodeficiencydisease,SIDD继发性免疫缺陷病Secondaryresponse再次应答Secretorycomponent,SC分泌成分，分泌小体SecretoryIgA，sIgA分泌型免疫球蛋白ASecretorypiece,SP分泌片Selectin选择素SelectiveIgAdeficiency选择性IgA缺陷Serin/threoninephosphatase丝/苏氨酸磷酸酶SerumamyloidpreteinA,SAA血清淀粉样蛋白ASeverecombined-immunodeficiencydisease,SCID重症联合免疫缺陷病Signaltransduction信号转导Signaltransducersandactivatoroftranscription,STAT信号转导和活化转录因子Signallingcomplex信号复合体Singleimmunodiffusion单向免疫扩散SmallGprotein小G蛋白Sneakingthrough漏逸SolubleTNFreceptor,sTNFR可溶性TNF受体Somatichypermutation体细胞高（频）突变Specificimmunity特异性免疫Splittolerance耐受分离SrcfamilykinaseSrc家族激酶Staphylococcusenterotoxin,SE葡萄球菌肠毒素StaphylococcusproteinA,SPA葡萄球菌蛋白AStemcellfactor,SCF干细胞（生长）因子Subunitvaccine亚单位疫苗Superantigen,SAg超抗原SuppressorTcells,Ts抑制性T细胞Syngraft同种基因移植，同型移植Syntheticpeptidevaccine合成肽疫苗Systemiclupuserythematosus,SLE系统性红斑狼疮TTcellepitopeT细胞表位Tcellreceptor,TCRT细胞（抗原识别）受体TlymphocyteT淋巴细胞TCR/CD3complexTCR/CD3复合物Terminaldeoxynucleotidyltransferase,TdT末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶

10Terminalpathway末端通路Thrombopoietin血小板生成素Thymicstromalcells,TSC胸腺基质细胞Thymocyte胸腺细胞Thymus胸腺Thymusdependentantigen,TD-Ag胸腺依赖抗原Thymusepithelialcells,TEC胸腺上皮细胞Thymusindependentantigen,TI-Ag非胸腺依赖抗原Thyroidstimulatinghormone,TSH促甲状腺激素Tolerogen耐受原Tolllikereceptor,TLRToll样受体Toxoid&nbs,p;类毒素Transforminggrowthfactor,TGF转化生长因子Transportersassociatedwithantigenprocessing,TAP抗原处理相关转运蛋白Tumor-associatedantigen,TAA肿瘤相关抗原Tumornecrosisfactor,TNF肿瘤坏死因子Tumor-specificantigen,TSA肿瘤特异性抗原VVariablefolding可变折叠VariablegengV基因Variableregion(Vregion)可变区，V区Vitronectin玻璃连接蛋白，玻连蛋白Verylateappearingantigen,VLA迟现抗原WWesternblotting免疫印迹法Wiskott-Aldrichsyndrome,WAS伴湿疹血小板减少性免疫缺陷病XX-linkedagammaglobulinemia,XLA性联无丙种球蛋白血症X-linkedhyperimmunoglobulinMsyndrome,HIM性联高IgM综合征X-linkedSCID,XSCID性联重症联合免疫缺陷病