河南省原阳县重点中学 高三上学期期末质量检测英语试卷（Word版含答案，无听力试题 ）

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河南省原阳县第三高级中学2022届高三上学期期末质量检测英语试卷ASpaceCenterHoustonoffersavarietyofageappropriateandinspiringcampexperienceswithsafetyatthetopofmind.InthewakeofCOVID-19，weaimtocontinueinspiringallgenerationsthroughthewondersofspaceexplorationwhilemaintainingthehighestlevelofsafetyforall.OurExplorerCampsintroducechildrenaged4-11toscience,technology,engineeringandmaththroughengagingandhands-onlearningactivities.JOURNEYTOMARSJune14-18，July12-16，Aug.9-13|＄289.955-DAYEXPLORERCAMPWhiledemonstratingbestsafetypractices,campersareinvolvedinactivitiesthatarousetheirinterestinsciencealongwiththeirsenseofadventure.Theseyoungengineerslearnthebasicsofrocketryandcodingandexplorehands-onscienceactivities.ENGINEERINGBASICSJune7-11，July5-9|＄289.955-DAYEXPLORERCAMPCampersdiscoverwhatittakestosolveproblemsrelatedtospaceexplorationinEngineeringBasics.TakingLEGObricks"outofthebox"andtonewandexcitingplaces,thiscampgetsyourlittlebuildersusingLEGObrickslikeneverbefore.Theseengineers-in-trainingwillparticipateinproblem-solvingactivities,buildingsimplemachines,artprojects,androbotics.JOURNEYTOSPACEJune28-July2，July26-30|＄289.955-DAYEXPLORERCAMPHowdoastronautsworkinspace？WhyisVenussohot？WillpeopleevergotoMars？Howdorobotswork？Whatdoengineersdo？Allthesequestionsareansweredascampersexplorespacethroughart,science,robotics,andengineeringactivities.Thiscampleavesallinquiringmindsinspiredtocontinuetheirjourney.EXPLORATIONANDDISCOVERYJune1-5|＄229.955-DAYEXPLORERCAMPCampersdiscoverwhatittakestosendpeople,suppliesandspacecraftbeyondEarth'satmosphere.Duringthisfive-dayadventure,formerastronautswilldeliverspeechesonhowtheyliveandworkinthespacestation.

11.WhichcampprovidescamperswithknowledgeofVenus？______A.JOURNEYTOMARS.B.ENGINEERINGBASICS.C.JOURNEYTOSPACE.D.EXPLORATIONANDDISCOVERY.2.WhatcancamperslearnonlyinJOURNEYTOMARS？______A.Coding.B.Creativethinking.C.Rocketdesign.D.Supplydelivery.3.WhatisspecialaboutEXPLORATIONANDDISCOVERY？______A.ItwillbeopeninJuly.B.Camperswillhaveachancetomeetastronauts.C.Itisa4-dayExplorerCamp.D.Camperscanlearnproblem-solvingskills.BForfishermenandsailorsintheseasidetownofShangpaninLinhai,Zhejiangprovince,whererecently12stranded（搁浅的）whaleswerefound,itisnotunusualtospotwhalesordolphinsinthesea—theywouldalwayscallthemhaizi,or"sonoftheocean".Andifthelocalfishermenspotsuchintelligentseacreaturesinneed,theywillsavethemfromdangerwithouthesitation.Intherecentrescueofmelon-headedwhales,theytriedtheirbesttohelp.A37-secondvideoofayoungmansleepinginthewaterholdingawhalesoonwentviralonline,withnetizensapplaudinghisconstanteffortsandcaringheartintryingtokeepthewhalealive."Themelon-headedwhaleknewIwastryingtosaveitandwouldbemorecooperativeandwouldn'tmove."saidLuWenhui,a21-year-olddiverfromHangzhouChangqiaoPolarOceanPark,whoheldupthewhale'sheadsoitcouldbreatheeasily.Luhadbeenstayinginthewaterfor10hoursby4a.m.WednesdayaftercomingfortherescueworkonTuesday,whenthestrandedwhaleswerefirstspotted."Whalesaremammalsandneedtobreatheinair—that'swhyIhadtoholditshead,toensureitcouldbreathesmoothlythewholetime,"Lusaid.Thestrandedwhales,afterthestrugglingofbeingtransported,werewornoutwhentheyarrivedatthefishfarmandmighthavedrownediftheywereleftunattended.

2Thereasonwhythewhaleswerestrandedisstillnotclear.Andthesestrandedwhaleswerereturnedtotheoceanbecausetheyarenotadaptedtoartificialbreedingenvironmentsonland.1.Whatdolocalfishermenusuallydoafterfindinghaiziindanger？______A.Protectthem.B.Feedthem.C.Ignorethem.D.Treatthem.2.WhydoestheauthordescribeLu'srescuework？______A.Tointroducethewhalesindetail.B.Tovoicehisviewsonthediver.C.Topraisetheeffortsmadebyrescuers.D.Toexplainthevalueofthewhales.3.Whatcanwesayaboutthemelon-headedwhalesaccordingtothetext？______A.Theyarerarelyseenbylocals.B.Theyareexpertatbreathingunderthesea.C.Theyaren'tsuitedtoartificialsurroundings.D.Theyarefondofswimmingneartheseaside.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext？______A.Melon-headedWhalesWereStrandedB.RescuersWentAllouttoHelpWhalesC.FishermenTransportedStrandedWhalesD.WitnessesVoicedOpinionsonRescueWorkCYouknowthesaying"You'reasyoungasyoufeel."Well,theremaybesometruthtothat,accordingtoresearchersatHarvardandtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.EllenLanger,aHarvardpsychologistwhostudieshowthemindinfluencesthebody,andhiscolleaguesreviewedthescientificliteratureforevidencethataperson'sperception（感知）oftheiragemightinfluencetheirhealth.TheypublishedtheirresultsinthejournalPerspectivesonPsychologicalScience.InonestudythatLangerled,47womenhadtheirhairdone.Thewomenwhothoughttheirnewhairdosmadethemlookyoungerdidlookyoungertoobjectiveobservers,whowereshownbefore-and-afterpictures.Thewomenwhothoughttheylookedyoungeralsoshowedadropin

3bloodpressure.Anotherstudyinvolving4，421menfoundthatthosewhobecamebaldatarelativelyyoungageweremorelikelytogetcancerandheartdiseasethanmenwhodidnot.Similarly,anotherstudyinvolving2，017menfoundthatthosewholosttheirhairearlyweremorelikelytodevelopheartdisease."Webelievethatthefeelingsassociatedwithbeingolderthanone'srealageaccountforsomeofthesehealthoutcomes,"theresearcherswrote.Theresearchersalsodescribedstudiesthatfoundthatwomenwhohadchildrenlaterinlifeweremorelikelytobehealthierandlivelongerthanthosewhohadchildrenearly,whichtheyattributedtothefactthatthesemotherstendtospendmoretimewithyoungerwomen.Similarly,peoplewhomarryyoungerpartnerstendtolivelongerthanthosewhomarryolderpartners,accordingtootherstudies.Takentogether,theresearch"supportsthegeneralmind-bodyhypothesis（假说）thatwhenayoungermindisprepared,ayoungerbodycanaccompanyit."Whilethemechanismremainsunclear,theresearchersfiguredthatsuggestionsassociatedwithagingcan"makeoneunconsciouslyorconsciouslyawareofoldageandtriggeraseriesofphysiologicalprocessesthatcanhaverealeffectsonshort-termandlong-termhealth."1.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardstheresearchresults？______A.Negative.B.Objective.C.Supportive.D.Indifferent.2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtoparagraph3？______A.Bloodpressureishighlyrelatedtohairdos.B.Gettingcancerorheartdiseaseistheresultofbaldness.C.Feelingolderthanrealagemaybetiedtohealthproblems.D.Thewomenwholovehairdoslookyoungerthanthosewhodon't.3.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph4that______.A.oftenstayingwithyoungerpeoplebenefitshealthB.theyoungeroneofacouplelivesmuchlongerC.ayoungermotherismorelikelytolivelongerD.peoplewhowanttolivelongerneedtomarry4.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat______.A.gettingbaldtooearlyisnotgoodforhealthB.womenhadbettergivebirthlaterintheirlife

4C.feelingyoungerbetweenacoupleisveryimportanttotheirhealthD.people'sfeelingoftheiragemayhaveaneffectontheirownhealthDIngeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic（官僚主义的）managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-equippedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand"human-relations"experts；yetallthisoilingdoesnotchangethefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandheisboredwithit.Infact,theblue-collarandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.Theworkersandemployeesareanxious,seeminglybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajobortheywouldsaythattheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Infact,theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessempty.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofsubmissiveness（顺从）andindependence.Fromthemomentontheyaretestedagainandagainbythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone'sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepre-industrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century"freeenterprise"capitalism？Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhis

5potentialitiesaretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.1.By"awell-oiledcoginthemachinery"，theauthorexpressestheideathatmanis______.A.expectedtoworkinreasonableharmonywiththerestofsocietyB.areplaceablecomponentofsociety,thoughfunctioningsmoothlyC.responsibleforthesmoothrunningofsocietyandbusinessoperationsD.anessentialpartofsocietythoughindividual'sfunctionisinsignificant2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat______.A.theyareforcedtogiveuptheirindividualityandindependenceB.theyarefilledwiththewell-foundedfearofbeingunemployedC.theydon'thaveanygenuinesatisfactionorinterestinreallifeD.theyhavetofacethefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistence3.Fromthepassagewecaninferthatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothosewho______.A.holdwell-paidandlife-longjobsB.enjoyhighsocialstatusandreputationC.outperformtheirfellow-competitorsD.stayawayfromover-competitiveness4.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststheweshould______.A.turntotheproductionmodeofourancestorsB.offerhigherwagestoworkersandemployeesC.enablemantofullydevelophispotentialitiesD.takethefundamentalrealitiesforgrantedDecisionhardFromthemomentwewakeupeachday,we'refacedwithacontinuousstreamofchoices.(1)，whentherearetoomanyoptions.Thisisdecisionfatigue（疲劳），astateofmentaloverloadthatcanimpede（妨碍）ourabilitytomakeadditionaldecisions.Whendecisionfatiguekicksin,youmayfeellikeyoujustdon'thavethementalbandwidthtodealwithmoredecisions.(2).Asaresult,youavoidmakingcertainchoicesentirely,gowiththedefaultoptionormakeonesthataren'tinlinewithyourgoalsorvalues,expertssay.Here'showtominimizeormanagethisphenomenon：(3).Someeasywaystodothis：Whenyougogroceryshopping,useamasterlistthathasthe

6samestaples,andbuythesamebrandseachtime.(4)Andifyou'retryingtoexerciseregularly,devoteaconsistentamountoftimeforiteveryday.Tuneintohowyou'refeeling.Bewatchfulofsignsofdecisionfatigueandactaccordingly：Ifyou'vehadademandingdaythatwasfilledwithlotsofdecisions,putoffmakinganotheroneifyoucan.Ifthingsthatwouldn'tnormallyupsetyoustartbotheringyou,considerthatasignthatyoumaynotbeinthebeststateofmindtomakeamajordecision."Peoplemaynotrealizethatthey'reexperiencingdecisionfatigue,"Baumeister,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofQueenslandinAustralia,says."(5)."A.MakesomechoicesautomaticB.It'ssomethingtowatchoutforC.TheyshouldturntotheexpertsforadviceD.PutdownwhatyouhaveinhandandtakeabreakfromthemE.Thiscanleadtodecisionaldisfunctionordecreasedself-controlF.Ifyoulikehavingoatmealforbreakfast,stickwithitonadailybasisG.Wetendtofeeloverwhelmed,anxious,stressedorotherwiseoutofsorts1. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G2. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G3. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G4. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G5. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GI'velearnedalessonthatacceptingkindnessisimportanttoo.I'masocialworkerandhavebeen(21)moretimerecentlywiththoseunluckypeoplethatsomemightsayareless(22)Ihadawonderfulinteractionthispastweek,whenIhadthe(23)ofbeingthereceiverofkindness.Iwasspeakingtoagentlemanwhohadbadluckandwasin(24).Wewerejusttalkingforawhileandgettingto(25)eachother.Towardstheendofourevening,hesaidhewantedto(26)meahamburgeratthenearbyfast-foodrestaurant.Intimebefore,Iwouldhave(27)thatheletmebuyhimameal,sincehehadagreater(28)thanI.Butmykindness(29)hastaughtmetheimportanceofbeingagoodreceiver,too.SoItoldhimifhe(30)wantedtodothatIwouldbe(31)toshareamealwithhim.

7Itwasgreat!Hewassohappytobeableto(32)somethinglikethatandhewas(33)theentiretime.Ifeltgladto(34)thewonderfulfeelingofsomeone'sgiving.We(35)somegreatconversationandIcouldseeit(36)somuchtohim.Aswepartedways,insteadofmefeelingbadthatheprobablyspenthislastfew(37)onourmeal,Ismiledandfeltwithawonderfulsenseof(38)andgratitude.It'snotonlyfuntobeareceiverofkindness,(39)thisalsogivessomeoneelsethechancetobethe(40).Thatisimportant,too.1. A.wastingB.killingC.spendingD.saving2. A.activeB.fortunateC.socialD.familiar3. A.chanceB.priceC.rightD.method4. A.hospitalB.prisonC.commonD.trouble5. A.knowB.hateC.loveD.encourage6. A.borrowB.buyC.makeD.show7. A.advisedB.demandedC.orderedD.insisted8. A.needB.lifeC.wishD.family9. A.truthB.powerC.experienceD.nature10. A.exactlyB.reallyC.selflesslyD.briefly11. A.happyB.generousC.sadD.reluctant12. A.createB.prepareC.buyD.do13. A.regrettingB.shoutingC.smilingD.praising14. A.sendoutB.takeawayC.calmdownD.gothrough15. A.missedB.avoidedC.sharedD.judged16. A.changedB.remainedC.lostD.meant17. A.choicesB.dollarsC.effortsD.times18. A.responsibilityB.prideC.confidenceD.connection19. A.andB.orC.butD.while20. A.giverB.helperC.receiverD.donor21.ThePanjiakousectionoftheGreatWallinTangshancity,Hebeiprovince,wasbuiltinthe1380sduringtheMingDynasty.Inthe1970s,partofit(1)（flood）duringtheconstruction

8ofthePanjiakouReservoir,whichresultedintheuniquesightofasectionoftheGreatWallunderwater.Changingwaterlevelscausedbyseasonalchangeshaveledtothesubmergedsectionbecoming(2)（severe）eroded（腐蚀）."Ourworkloadincreasesasthewaterlevelfalls,"saidMengQi,anexpertattheHebeiAncientArchitectureConservationandResearchInstitute.Hetogetherwithateamofworkers(3)（begin）repairingasectionofthefallenwallsinceJune.ZhangYong,aseniorengineerattheinstitute,(4)isresponsiblefortherepairproject,saidtherepairteamfollowsaprincipleofminimuminterventionandusestraditionalmethodsandmaterials,(5)theaimofmakingtherepairedsectionsmatchtherestoftheGreatWall.Theunderwatersectionstandsinthemiddleofthereservoir,sobricksandotherbuildingmaterialshavetobetakentoadock,(6)（load）ontoaboatandunloadedattherepairsite,withoutany(7)（assist）ofmodernmachinery."Afterseveralroundsofcarryingbricks,ourbackswerebeginningtoblister,andafterworkingforseveraldays,ourclotheswerebecoming(8)（wear），"aworkernamedLiangWenfusaid.Engineersandworkersliveatthesiteinthemiddleofthereservoir.Aboatdelivers(9)（supply）offood,wateranddailynecessitiesonceaweek.Oneoftheengineers,CaoHuibin,oncestayedonsitefor45daysin(10)row.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)

91.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词。2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Mikeplayedontheconstructionsitenearherhomeonasunnyafternoon.Suddenly,heheardofsomethingcomingfromaroundthesidesofanearbybuilding.Itsoundslikethepainfulcriesofananimal.Hecuriouslyturnedthecorner,onlytoseeasmalldogstandonitsbacklegs.Itseemedwhatthepoorthinggotstuckatwaistbetweenasmallconcretewallandanevensmallbrokenwoodenfence.Determinedtohelp,helookedaroundtofindthestick,climbedontothewallandpointedhisstickatthedog.Therefore,theterrifiedanimalobviouslydidn'tknowhisintentionandbarkedathimfearfully.Mikehadnochoicebutcall911forhelp.2.假如你是高三学生李华。你的英语老师Catherine由于英语课堂教学时间紧张，就是否取消"每日英语课前展示"征求同学们的意见。请你就此给她写封邮件，内容包括：1."每日英语课前展示"的利弊；2.你的建议及其理由。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：每日英语课前展示：dailypresentation

10答案1.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】B【小题3】B4.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】C【小题3】C【小题4】B8.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】A【小题4】D【解析】（1）B.观点态度题。根据原文最后一段Takentogether,theresearch"supportsthegeneralmind-bodyhypothesis（假说）thatwhenayoungermindisprepared,ayoungerbodycanaccompanyit."Whilethemechanism（机制）remainsunclear,theresearchersfiguredthatsuggestionsassociatedwithagingcan"makeoneunconsciouslyorconsciouslyawareofoldageandsetinmotionaseriesofphysiologicalprocessesthatcanhaverealeffectsonshort-termandlong-termhealth."总的来说，这项研究"支持了一个普遍的身心假说，即当一个更年轻的心灵做好准备时，一个更年轻的身体也会伴随而来。"虽然机理尚不清楚，但研究人员发现，与衰老相关的暗示可以"让人无意识或有意识地意识到衰老，并启动一系列能够对短期和长期健康产生实际影响的生理过程。"可知作者持客观的看法。结合选项，故选B。（2）C.细节理解题。第三段主要是Langer做的实验过程，Webelievethatthefeelingsassociatedwithbeingolderthanone'srealageaccountforsomeofthesehealthoutcomes（我们相信，比实际年龄大的感觉是导致这些健康结果的原因之一）可推测感觉比自己实际年龄大可能会导致健康问题。故C.Feelingolderthanrealagemaybetiedtohealthproblems.          （感觉比实际年龄老可能与健康问题有关）正确。故选C。（3）A.推理判断题。在第三段最后peoplewhomarryyoungerpartnerstendtolivelongerthanthosewhomarryolderpartners,accordingtootherstudies.和比自己年轻的人结婚会活的时间更久，A.oftenstayingwithyoungerpeoplecanbenefitpeople'shealth        （经常和年轻人呆在一起有利于人们的健康）正确。故选A。（4）D.主旨大意题。通过第一、二段aperson'sperceptionoftheiragemightinfluencetheir

11health（一个人对自己年龄的看法可能会影响他们的健康）可知一个人的态度和健康有很大关系，紧接着在第三段给出了具体的实验过程并得出结论，D.People'sfeelingoftheiragemayhaveaneffectontheirownhealth（人们对年龄的感觉可能对他们自己的健康有影响）正确。故选D。本文是一篇说明文。文章论述了一个人的心态和自己的健康是有很大关系的，并通过一些实验论证心态的重要性。考查社会文化类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。12.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】A【小题3】D【小题4】C【解析】（1）C.推理判断题。根据第一段中的yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerlessthathedoesnotwholeheartedly participateinhisworkandheisboredwithit.（然而，所有这些努力并不能改变这样一个事实：人类已变得无能为力，人们不再全心全意地参与工作，而且对工作感到厌倦。）可推断，通过"机器上润滑良好的齿轮"，作者表达了这样一种观点，即人是社会的一个可替代的组成部分，尽管运行平稳。故选C。（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,seeminglybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajoborthey wouldsaythattheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.（工人和雇员都很焦虑，似乎是因为他们可能会发现自己失业了，或者他们会说他们无法获得生活中的任何真正的满足或兴趣。）可知，工人和雇员焦虑的真正原因是他们被剥夺了个性和独立性。故选A。（3）D.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone'sfllow-competitorcreatesconstant anxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandilness.s（这种不断证明自己与竞争对手-样好或更好的需求，会造成持续的焦虑和压力，而这正是导致不快乐和疾病的原因。）"可推断，真正的幸福生活属于那些远离过度竞争的人。故选D。（4）C.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemformabureaucraicallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximal productionandconsumptionareendsin

12themselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities -thoseofallloveandofreason-aretheaimsofsocialarangements.（我建议把我们的社会系统形成一个官僚管理的工业最大限度生产和消费为目的的自己变成一个人性化的工业主义在和他的充分发展潜力一所有爱和理性的社会安排的目的。）可知，为了解决目前的社会问题，作者建议我们应该使人的潜力充分开发。故选C。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同阶层的人持续的焦虑和压力的现状。1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析。16.【答案】【小题1】G【小题2】C【小题3】A【小题4】F【小题5】B【解析】（1）G.推理判断题。根据下一句"This is decision fatigue（疲劳），a state of mental overload that can impede （妨碍） our ability to make additional decisions.这是一种决策疲劳，一种精神过载的状态，会阻碍我们做出更多决策的能力。"可知此处说的是决策的疲劳。所以"G.We tend to feel overwhelmed,anxious,stressed or otherwise out of sorts我们往往会感到不知所措、焦虑、压力大或身体不适。"符合语境。故选。（2）C.推理判断题。根据上一句"Asaresult,youavoidmakingcertainchoicesentirely,gowiththedefaultoptionormakeonesthataren'tinlinewithyourgoalsorvalues,expertssay.专家说，结果就是，你完全避免做出某些选择，选择默认的选项，或者做出一些与你的目标或价值观不相符的选择。"可知此处说的是专家对一些说法。所以"C.They should turn to the experts for advice他们应该向专家寻求建议。"符合语境。故选C。

13（3）A.标题判断题。根据下一句"Some easy ways to do this：When you go grocery shopping,use a master list that has the same staples,and buy the same brands each time.有一些简单的方法可以做到这一点：当你去杂货店购物时，使用一个主食相同的主列表，每次都买相同的品牌。"可知此处说的是自己的一些做法。所以"A.Make some choices automatic自动做出一些选择。"符合语境。故选A。（4）F.推理判断题。根据上一句"And if you're trying to exercise regularly,devote a consistent amount of time for it every day.如果你想有规律地锻炼，每天花一定的时间锻炼。"可知此处说的是一些假设的情况。所以"F.If you like having oatmeal for breakfast,stick with it on a daily basis如果你喜欢早餐吃燕麦粥，坚持每天吃。"符合语境。故选F。（5）B.推理判断题。根据上一句"If things that wouldn't normally upset you start bothering you,consider that a sign that you may not be in the best state of mind to make a major decision. "People may not realize that they're experiencing decision fatigue," Baumeister,a professor of psychology at the University of Queensland in Australia,says. "如果那些通常不会使你烦恼的事情开始困扰你，那就认为这表明你可能处于最佳状态，无法做出重大决定。澳大利亚昆士兰大学的心理学教授鲍迈斯特说："人们可能没有意识到他们正在经历决策疲劳。"可知此处说的是人们可能没有意识到他们正在经历决策疲劳。所以"B.It's something to watch out for这是值得注意的。"符合语境。故选B。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何做出决定。关于七选五的做题步骤：步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五：区分相似项。21.【答案】

14【小题1】C【小题2】B【小题3】A【小题4】D【小题5】A【小题6】B【小题7】D【小题8】A【小题9】C【小题10】B【小题11】A【小题12】D【小题13】C【小题14】B【小题15】C【小题16】D【小题17】B【小题18】D【小题19】C【小题20】A【解析】（1）C．考查动词及语境理解。A．wasting（time）浪费时间；B．killing （time）消磨时间；C．spending （time）花时间；D．saving（time）节省时间。句意：我是一个社会工作者 ，最近花了更多的时间和那些不幸的人在一起，有些人可能会说更不幸。此处是考查time相关的短语辨析；根据"I'm a social worker"可知，由于工作原因，作者和那些不幸的人在一起的时间比较多。故选C项。（2）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A．active积极的；B．fortunate幸运的；C．social社会的；D．familar熟悉的。句意：我是一个社会工作者，最近花了更多的时间和那些不幸的人在一起，有些人可以说更不幸。前面提到"unlucky people" ，而有些人会更不幸。故选B项。（3）A．考查名词及语境理解。A．chance机会；B．price价格；C．right权利；D．method方法。句意：我上周有一个很不错的互动 ，让我有机会成为善意的接受者。作者在下文中I was speaking to a gentleman who had bad luck 讲述了与一位先生相识的经过。在这个过程中，他有机会成为那位先生好意的接受者。故选A项。（4）D．考意名词及语境理解。A.hospital医院；B.prison监狱；C.common共同的；D.trouble麻烦。句意：我和一位先生交谈，他运气不好，现在处于困境中。此处考意介词in+名词"相关的短语辨析。根据who has bad luck可知这位先生现在处于困境之中，故选D项。（5）A．考查动词及语境理解。A．know认识；B．hate恨；C．love爱；D．encourage鼓励。句意：我们只是聊了一会儿，互相认识了。短语get to know sb."与某人相识"；通过聊天，作者和那位先生认识了。故选A项。（6）B．考查动词及语境理解。A．borrow借；B．buy买；C．make制作；D．show显示。句意：快到傍晚的时候，他说要到附近的快餐店给我买一个汉堡包。根据下一句"I would have（7）he let me buy him a meal可知，那位先生提出给作者买一个汉堡包 ，而不是让作者给他买晚餐。故选B项。（7）D．考查动词及语境理解。A．advised建议；B．demanded要求；C．ordered命令；

15D．insisted坚持。句意：要是在以前．我就会坚持要他让我请他吃饭，因为他比我更需要。根据下文my kindness experience has taught me the（9）of being a goodreceiver "作者现在意识到当一名接受者也可以帮助别人；因此此处用虚拟语气：如果是以前的话，作者就会坚持当一名给予者，坚持始他买晚餐。故选D项。（8）A．考查名词及语境理解。A．need需要；B．life生活；C．wish愿望；D.family家庭。句意：要是在以前，我就会坚持要他让我请他吃饭，因为他比我更需要。知道那位先生现在有困难，作者觉得他比自己更需要帮助。故选A项。（9）C．考查名词及语境理解。A．truth真理；B．power权力；C．experience经历；D．nature自然，天性。句意：但我善良的经历告诉我做一个好的接受者的重要性。根据文章最后一句"It's not only fun to be a receiver of kindness （19）this also gives someone else the chancetobe the（20）" 作者体会到作一个好的接受者也很重要，也可以让别人感到快乐。故选C项。（10）B．考查副词及语境理解。A．exacty恰好地，正是；B．really真地；C．selflessly无私地；D．briefly短暂地。句意：所以我告诉他，如果他真的愿意我很乐意和他一起吃饭。如果那位先生真地要给他买晚餐，作者也欣然接受。故选B项。（11）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A．happy高兴的；B．generous慷慨的；C．sad伤心的；D．reluctant不情愿的。句意：所以我告诉他，如果他真的愿意，我很乐意和他一起吃饭。作者很高兴陪那位先生吃晚餐。故选A项。（12）D．考查动词及语境理解。A．create创造；B．prepar准备；C．buy购买；D．do做。句意：他很高兴能做这样的事，而且他一直在微笑。根据上文"ifhe（10）wanted to do that"可知，那位先生很高兴做这样的事情。故选D项。（13）C．考查动词及语境理解。A．regretting后悔；B．shouting叫喊；C．smiling微笑；D．praising表扬。句意：他很高兴能做这样的事，而且他一直在微笑，根据前半句"He was so happy to be able"可知，那位先生很高兴，因此一直在微笑。故选C项。（14）B．考查动词短语及语境理解。A.sendout发出；B.takeaway带走；C.calmdown镇定；D.gothrough经历。根据后面的thewonderfulfeelingofsomeone'sgiving可知，作者能带走（takeaway）一个人奇妙的给予感觉，感到很高兴。故选B项。（15）C．考查动词及语境理解。A．missed错过；B．avoided避免；C．shared共享，分享；D．judged判断。句意：我们聊得很开心，我知道这对他很重要。作者和那位先生一起交谈了很多。故选C项。（16）D．考查动词及语境理解。A．changed改变；B．remained保留；C．lost失去；

16D．meant意味着。句意：我们聊得很开心，我知道这对他很重要。和作者的交谈对于处于困境中的那位先生来说确实很有意义。故选D项。（17）B．考查名词及语境理解。A．choices选择；B．dollars美元；C．efforts努力；D．times次数。句意：在我们分开的时候，我没有因为他可能把最后几块钱花在了我们的晚餐上而感到难为情，相反，我微笑着，感受到了一种奇妙的共鸣和感激之情。上文提到"agentleman who has bad luck and is in （4）．"那位先生现在有困难，可能为了给作者买晚餐，花光了身上最后的钱。故选B项。（18）D．考查名词及语境理解。A．responsibility责任；B．pride骄傲；C.confidence信心；D.connection联系，沟通。根据上一句Aswepartedways,insteadofmefeelingbadthatheprobablyspenthislastfew（17）onourmeal可知作者有一种奇妙的沟通和感激的感觉。故选D项。（19）C．考查连词及语境理解。A．and和，又；B．or或者；C．but但是；D．while当……的时候。句意：当一名善良的接受者不仅令人愉快，而且也给别人成为施予者的机会。根据前半句的not only,此处是并列结构not only...but also...，意思为"不仅……而且……"。故选C项。（20）A．考查名词及语境理解。A．giver给予者，赠与者；B．helper帮手；C．receiver接受者；D．donator捐赠者。句意：当一名善良的接受者不仅令人愉快，而且也给别人成为施予者的机会。此处giver与前面的receiver相对；根据上文"when Ihad the （3）of being thereceiver of kindness"可知，作者觉得充当接受者也很重要，因为让别人有机会充当给予者，从而让别人体会到当一名给予者的快乐。故选A项。本文是记叙文。作者讲述了与一位不幸的先生相识的经过。作者体会到当一名好意的接受者也很重要，让别人体会到作为给予者的快乐。完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。41.【答案】【小题1】wasflooded【小题2】severely【小题3】hasbegun【小题4】who【小题5】with

17【小题6】loaded【小题7】assistance【小题8】worn【小题9】supplies【小题10】a【解析】（1）wasflooded.考查动词时态及语态。句意：20世纪70年代，潘家口水库建设期间，部分长城被淹没，形成了一段独特的水下长城景观。时间状语为In the 1970s,句子用一般过去时，主语part of it与动词flood之间是被动关系，故填wasflooded。（2）severely.考查副词。句意：季节变化引起的水位变化导致淹没部分受到严重侵蚀。分析句子可知，此处用副词修饰动词eroded,故填severely。（3）hasbegun.考查动词时态。句意：他和一队工人从6月份开始修复一段倒塌的墙。时间状语为sinceJune,句子用现在完成时，主语为He together with a team of workers,谓语动词用三单形式，故填hasbegun。（4）who.考查定语从句。句意：该研究所负责维修项目的高级工程师张勇表示，维修团队遵循最小干预的原则，使用传统的方法和材料，目的是使维修部分与长城的其他部分相匹配。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Zhang Yong,在从句中作主语，故填who。（5）with.考查介词。句意：该研究所负责维修项目的高级工程师张勇表示，维修团队遵循最小干预的原则，使用传统的方法和材料，目的是使维修部分与长城的其他部分相匹配。withtheaimof表示"目的是"符合句意，故填with。（6）loaded.考查动词语态。句意：水下部分位于水库的中部，所以砖块和其他建筑材料必须被带到码头，装在船上，在维修现场卸载，没有现代机械的帮助。结合句意可知，此处主语bricks and other building materials与动词load之间是被动关系，且空前有be,故用过去分词形式，故填loaded。（7）assistance.考查名词。句意：水下部分位于水库的中部，所以砖块和其他建筑材料必须被带到码头，装在船上，在维修现场卸载，没有现代机械的帮助。分析句子可知，此处用名词作介词without的宾语，故填assistance。（8）worn.

18考查形容词。句意：搬了几轮砖头后，我们的背开始起水泡，工作了几天后，我们的衣服开始磨损。分析句子可知，此处作表语，表示"磨损的"，故填worn。（9）supplies.考查名词。句意：一艘船每周运送一次食物、水和日用品。分析句子可知，此处作动词delivers的宾语，故用名词supplies表示"供应品"作宾语，故填supplies。（10）a.考查冠词。句意：其中一名工程师曹惠斌曾在现场连续停留45天。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，row为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。本文为记叙文，主要讲述张勇和他的团队修饰潘家口水库淹没的部分长城。语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。42.【答案】Mike played on the construction site near her home on a sunny afternoon.Suddenly,he heard of something coming from around the sides of a nearby building.It sounds like the painful cries of an animal.He curiously turned the corner,only to see a small dog stand on its back legs.It seemed what the poor thing got stuck at waist between a small concrete wall and an even small broken wooden fence.Determined to help,he looked around to find the stick,climbed onto the wall and pointed his stick at the dog.Therefore，the terrified animal obviously didn't know his intention and barked at him fearfully.Mike had no choice but∧ call 911 for help.详解：（1）her改为his.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：一个阳光明媚的下午，迈克在他家附近的建筑工地上玩耍。根据本文迈克是男的，所以用形容词性物主代词his放在名词前面，故her改为his。（2）去掉of.考查介词。句意：突然，他听到有什么东西从附近一座建筑物的四周传来。此处为hearsb.doingsth.听见某人正在做某事，而hearof是"听说"，故去掉of。（3）sides改为side.考查名词。句意：突然，他听到有什么东西从附近一座建筑物的四周传来。指一边，所以用单数名词，故sides改为side。（4）stand改为standing.考查现在分词。句意：他好奇地转过拐角，却看到一只小狗用后腿站着。stand和see的宾语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾补，故stand改为standing。（5）what改为that.考查宾语从句。句意：这个可怜的小家伙似乎被卡在了一堵小混凝土墙和一个更小的破木栅栏之间。引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分无含义，所以用that引导，

19what作主语、宾语，故what改为that。（6）at改为in.考查介词。句意：这个可怜的小家伙似乎被卡在了一堵小混凝土墙和一个更小的破木栅栏之间。getstuckin被困在，故at改为in。（7）the改为a.考查冠词。句意：他决定帮忙，四处寻找了一根棍子，爬上墙，把棍子指向狗。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，故the改为a。（8）at改为to.考查介词。句意：他决定帮忙，四处寻找了一根棍子，爬上墙，把棍子指向狗。pointat指向离说话人较近的事物，而此处很明显位置较远，所以用pointto,故at改为to。（9）Therefore改为However.考查副词。句意：他决定帮忙，四处寻找了一根棍子，爬上墙，把棍子指向狗。然而，这个受惊的动物显然不知道他的意图，对他可怕地吠叫。前后是转折关系而不是因果关系，所以用therefore,故Therefore改为However。（10）but后面加to.考查不定式。句意：迈克别无选择，只能打911求助。havenochoicebuttodosth.除了做某事别无选择，故but后面加to。【解析】本文讲述了迈克在他家附近的建筑工地上玩耍遇到一只被卡在了一堵小混凝土墙和一个更小的破木栅栏之间的狗，迈克想办法救它，但狗狗害怕，迈克别无选择，只能打911求助。1.先通读全文。认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清大意。注意文章中上下文的逻辑关系是否正确，时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致。2.聚焦出题热点、综合运用所学语言知识，对不同的错误情况进行分析和回答（即改词、加词或减词）。3.再次通读全文，校对自己的改正是否正确。一般各种改错的方式都应该用到，如果出现了某一种改法（如加词、减词等）没有用到，要考虑自己的改错应该有问题，要对刚才不是很有把握的行进行推敲。43.【答案】Dear Catherine,Iamgladtowritetoyou.DuetotheshortageofEnglishclassroomteachingtime,studentsareaskedfortheiropinionsonwhethertocancelpresenting"dailyEnglish"beforeclass.（写信目的）Somestudentsarefordailypresentation.TheyholdtheviewthatdailypresentationcanimprovetheirspokenEnglish.【高分句型一】However,somestudentsareagainstit.Theythinkdaily

20presentationisawasteoftime,whichtheycanusetostudytheknowledgeinthetexts.【高分句型二】（"每日英语课前展示"的利弊）Inmyopinion,weshouldsticktodaily presentation.Thereasonforthisisthat  dailypresentationcanbuildupourknowledgeofEnglish,enlargeourvocabularyanddevelopourconfidence.（你的观点和理由）Hopefully,youcanadoptmyview.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.（希望）Yours,LiHua【解析】高分句型一：TheyholdtheviewthatdailypresentationcanimprovetheirspokenEnglish.译文：他们认为每天的演讲可以提高他们的英语口语。分析：这句话使用that引导同位语从句。高分句型二：Theythinkdailypresentationisawasteoftime,whichtheycanusetostudytheknowledgeinthetexts.译文：他们认为每天的演讲是浪费时间，他们可以用它来学习课文中的知识。分析：这句话使用which引导非限制性定语从句。这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。