高二英语-开学第一课2022年高中秋季开学指南之爱上英语课

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2022年高中秋季开学指南爱上英语课高二英语开学第一课

1WelcomeBack!

2ContentsofBasicskills•Listening•Speaking•Reading•Writing

3Part1Listening

4Howtoimprovelisteningskills---Intensivelistening&extensivelistening

5Improveyourpronunciationandintonation•音的同化Couldyou:/ʤ/,Don’tyou:/ʧ/•音的连读inanhour,wornout,anapple•失去爆破agoodbed,Ican’tgo

6Improveyourpronunciationandintonation•单词重音与弱读minute:n.adj.present:n.v.•句子重音与节奏•英音美音的差异laugh,anti,direct,advertisement,can’tneither

7Part2Speaking

8Howtoimproveyourspeaking•Generalknowledge•TheEnglishlanguageismadeupofover450,000words•Theaverageindividualcanreadandunderstandbetween10,000and70,000words.•Theaveragespeakingvocabularyisjust3,000words.•Threelevels•Fluency•Accuracy•appropriacy•Threepointstokeepinmind•Confidentinyourself•Basicexpressions•Enlargeyourvocabularyandexpressions

9Basicexpressions•Preference•Whatdoyouliketodoinyoursparetime?•Whatwouldyouprefertodo?•Ilovefishingandtraveling.•Cookingismyfavorite.•I’mveryinterestedinplayingfootball.•Iprefertoclimbmountainsonweekends.

10Basicexpressions•Apologizing•I’m(terribly)sorryfortheinconvenience.•Pleaseforgiveme.•Requests•Couldyoudomeafavor?•Canyouhelpmewiththat?

11Enlargeyourvocabularyandenrichyourexpressions•TwolevelsofspokenEnglishskill•Lowerlevel•Storytellingandpicturedescribing•Answeringquestions•Dailyconversations•Higherlevel•Discussion•Debate•Speech•Enlargeyourvocabularybyreadingandlistening•Enrichyourexpressionsbyreadingandlistening

12Part3Reading

13Howtoimproveyourreadingskills•Wordreading•Sentencereading•Paragraphreading•Discoursereading

14Wordstudy•Differenttypesofwords•Passive•Active•Howtoguessunfamiliarwords•Efficientuseofadictionary

15Wordguessing•Guessingwordsfromthecontext•Guessingwordsfromword-formation

16Guessingwordsfromcontextclues•Whatiscontext?•Thesentenceandparagraphinwhichawordoccurs.•Howtodecidethewordfromcontext?•Useyourknowledgeofgrammar•Useyourunderstandingoftheauthor’sideas

17Guessingwordsfromcontextclues•Informationprovidedbythecontext:•Definition•Example•Restatement•Synonym•Antonym

18---Bydefinition•Eg.Theprincipal---moneyheputinhissavingsaccounttoearninterest---wassavedeventhoughthebankwasclosedbythepolice.•Eg.Markgotonthemotorbike.Isatbehindhimonthepillion,andweroaredoffintothenight.

19---Byexample•Eg.Condiments,forexample,pepper,salt,andmustardmakefoodtastebetter.

20---Byrestatement•Eg.Hehadawanlook.Hewassopaleandweakthatwethoughthewasill.

21---Bysynonym•Eg.Fatherisanexpertinpiano,andmotherisavirtuosoinviolin.

22---Byantonym•Eg.Unlikehisbrother,whoissuchahandsomeman,Tomisquiteplain.

23Guessingwordfromwordformation•ManyEnglishwordshavebeenformedbycombiningpartsofolderEnglish,Greek,andLatinwords.•Ifyouknowthemeaningsofthewordparts,youcanoftenguessthemeaningofanunfamiliarEnglishword,particularlyincontext.

24WordFormation•Englishwordsusuallycontainthreeparts:•Prefix:changethemeaningofaword•Stem:determinethemeaningofaword•Suffix:changethepartofspeechofaword

25Word-formation•Commonprefixesanti,micro,auto,mini,bi,tri,multi,super…•Commonstems•audi,chron,homo,manu,pathy…•CommonsuffixesNounsuffixes(ability,er,hood,ness)Verbsuffixes(beautify,industrialize)Adjectivesuffixes(able,ful,less)Adverbsuffixes(greatly,likewise)

26Wordformation•Somewordsarecreatedbycombiningpartsoftheotherwords.

27Forexample:•botel•boathotel水上旅馆•chunnel•channeltunnel水底铁路隧道•jazzotheque•jazzdiscotheque爵士音乐夜总会•workfare•workwelfare工作福利•medicare•medicalcare•Amerindian•AmericanIndian•psywar•psychologicalwarfare心理战•sitcom•situationalcomedy情景喜剧

28Otherexamples:•waste-to-energyplant垃圾发电站•materials-recoveryfacility物资回收设施•long-fiberfood长纤维食物•adead-endjob没有前途的工作•start-upcosts开创所付出的代价•ago-with-the-streamperson一个随波逐流的人

29•aforget-me-not一朵勿忘我•on-siteservice现场服务•under-the-counterdeals台面下的交易•turned-outaudience激动的观众•aseeing-is-believingattitude眼见为实的态度•ajust-the-two-of-usdinner•once-poorfarmers

30Wordformation•Alotofwordsareconvertedtoothermeaningsincertaincontexts.•Butremember:everywordhasonlyONEbasicmeaning.Allthedifferentsensesarederivedfromit.

31Forexample•wageceiling最高工资限额•floatingvoter无党派投票人•tailorthecoursetoyourneeds按照需求选择课程

32EfficientUseofaDictionary•Example:Let’shangupsomepaintingsonthese______walls.A.bareB.emptyC.blankD.vacant

33EfficientUseofaDictionary•bare:empty,notcoveredbyanything,ornothavinganydecorations•empty:anemptyroom,buildingetc.doesnothaveanypeopleinit•blank:showingnoexpression,understandingorinterest;withoutanywriting,print,orrecordedsound•vacant:avacantseat,roometc.isemptyandavailableforsomeonetouse;avacantjoborpositioninanorganizationisavailableforsomeonetostartdoing

34EfficientUseofaDictionary•Examplesentences:•Thisroomlooksverybare---youneedsomepicturesonthewalls.•Thehousehadbeenemptyforsixmonthsbeforewemovedin.•Leavethelastpageblank.•Onlyafewapartmentswerestillvacant.

35EfficientUseofaDictionary•提出问题Raiseaquestion•提出辞职Tender(handin)one’sresignation•提出建议Makeasuggestion•提出申请Makeanapplication•提出警告Give(serve)awarning•提出想法Putforwardanidea

36LongandDifficultSentence•Readingskills:•Trytodeterminewhatmakesthesentencedifficult•Learntorecognizetheimportantgrammaticalandpunctuationcluesthatcanchangethemeaningofasentence

37Longanddifficultsentence•MoreexamplesIt’salonglanethathasnoturning.任何路都会拐弯。It’sasillyfishthatiscaughttwice.任何鱼都不会愚蠢到两次上。It’sawisemanthatneverblunders.智者千虑，必有一失。

38MoreexamplesIdon’tteachbecauseit’seasyforme.我教书并不是因为它对我来说容易。Ididn’tbuythedictionarybecauseitwascheap.我买这本字典并不是因为它很便宜。Ican'tthankyoutoomuch．我无论怎样感谢你都不过份。Theydidn’thalfbeatupthepoliceman.他们将那个警察狠揍了一顿。

39Paragraphreading•Findingthemainidea•Identifyingsupportingdetails•Makinginferences

40Findingthemainidea•Topicsentencethesentencethatcontainsthemainideaoftheparagraph•Locationofatopicsentence–Inthebeginning–Inthemiddle–Attheend

41Readingskillsatdiscourselevel•Scanning•Skimming

42Scanning•Toscanistoreadquicklyinordertolocatespecificinformation.•Stepsinvolvedinscanning:•Decideexactlywhatinformationyouarelookingfor,andthinkabouttheformitmaytake.•Decidewhereyouneedtolooktofindtheinformationyouwant.•Moveyoureyesasquicklyaspossibledownthepageuntilyoufindtheinformationyouneed.Readitcarefully.•Whenyoufindwhatyouneed,donotreadfurther.

43Skimming•Toskimistoreadquicklyinordertogetageneralideaofapassage.•Whenyouskim,itisnecessarytoreadonlyselectedsentencesinordertogetthemainidea.Donotreadeveryword.•Onceyougetageneralideaaboutanarticle,youmaydecidetoreadtheentireselectioncarefully,oronlytoscanforspecificpiecesofinformation.

44Readingskillsfordifferenttypeoftexts•Argumentation(议论文)•Exposition(说明文)•Description(描写文)•Narration(叙述文)

45议论文•议论文一般由三大部分构成：提出问题—反驳与论证—结论。•阅读技巧：仔细阅读第一、三部分，他们往往能说明作者的主要观点和写作意图。

46说明文•说明文一般由三大部分构成：提出问题或观点—说明和阐述—结论。•阅读技巧：仔细阅读第一、三部分，他们往往能说明作者的主要观点和写作意图。

47描写文•描述文主要是描述一个事件或一个现象的起因、发展过程（步骤）、结果、影响等等。因此它的内容是十分客观的，注重事实的。•阅读技巧：抓住文章中表达方位、因果关系等的信号词。

48叙述文•叙述文一般以叙述个人生活经历为主，叙述多以时间为线索来进行，或顺序或倒序。•阅读技巧：抓住文章中表达时间的信号词。

49Readingpractice•Intensivereading•Extensivereading

50Part4Writing

51Writingskills•Sentencewriting•Passagewriting•Practicalwriting

52CommonproblemsofChinesestudentsProblems1:informationfocusAftersomanyyearsofisolation,Ihavereceivedyourletter,soI’mveryglad.I’mverygladtohavereceivedyourletteraftersomanyyearsofisolation.WhenIfirstvisitedShanghai,Icouldnotfindanytreesandflowersinthestreets.Iwasreallysurprised.IwasreallysurprisedattheabsenceofanytreesandflowersinthestreetswhenIfirstvisitedShanghai.

53Problems1:informationfocus•Inthesummervacation,Ivisitedseveralplacesandmetdifferentkindsofpeople.Icantellyoumanywonderfulstoriesaboutthem.•TherearemanywonderfulstoriestotellabouttheplacesIvisitedanddifferentkindsofpeopleImetduringthesummervacation.•Hiswifewasaboutthirty,andIwastalkingtohimwhenshearrived.•WhileIwastalkingtohim,hiswife,awomanaboutthirty,arrived.

54CommonproblemsofChinesestudentsProblems2:redundancyInmyopinion,IbelievethefreemedicalsystemisinneedofreformInmyopinion,thefreemedicalsystemisinneedofreform.Peopletrytofindasolutiontosolvetheproblem.PeopletrytofindasolutiontotheproblemThereasonwhypeoplechoosetoliveinthecountryisbecausethereisnopollutionnornoisethere.Thereasonwhypeoplechoosetoliveinthecountryisthatthereisnopollution…

55CommonproblemsofChinesestudentsProblems3:词性误用Thissocialphenomenonshowsthatmoreandmorepeopleawaretheimportanceoftakingoutinsurance.ThissocialphenomenonshowsthatmoreandmorepeopleareawareoftheimportanceoftakingSomepeoplethinkmoneycanbringthemcomfort,secure,andsoon.Somepeoplethinkmoneycanbringthemcomfort,securityandsoon.Withthedevelopmentoftheeconomics,moreandmorepeopleareabletoreceivecollegeeducation.Withthedevelopmentoftheeconomy,moreandmorepeopleareabletoreceivecollegeeducation.

56CommonproblemsofChinesestudentsProblems4:搭配不当Nowadays,moreandmorestudentsareabletoenterintoacollege.Nowadays,moreandmorestudentsareabletoenter/attendacollege.Thegovernmentshouldmakesomemeasuresagainstfakecommodities.Thegovernmentshouldtakesomemeasuresagainstfakecommodities.

57CommonproblemsofChinesestudentsProblems4:搭配不当Ihavedifficultytopayformycollegeeducation.Ihavedifficultyinpayingformycollegeeducation.Itisdifficultformetopayformycollegeeducation.Thereissomepossibilityforyoutosucceedaslongasyouworkhard.Thereissomepossibilityofyoursuccessaslongasyouworkhard.Thereissomepossibilitythatyoumaysucceedaslongasyouworkhard.Helikestoswim,toskate,andtennis.Helikestoswim,toskateandtoplaytennis.

58CommonproblemsofChinesestudentsProblems5:dictionMoststudentsareprobabletotakeoutloans.Moststudentsarelikelytotakeoutloans.ItisthehabitofforeignerstochangegiftsatChristmasItisthecustomofforeignerstochangegiftsatChristmas.Atfirst,readingextensivelycangivepeopleknowledgeinmanyfields.First/Firstly,readingextensivelycangivepeopleknowledgeinmanyfields.

59Problems5:dictionSomedriversneglectedtrafficregulations.Somedriversignoredtrafficregulations.Inmyopinion,this(i.e.beinglaidoff)isthenormalresultofsocialcompetitionInmyopinion,this(i.e.beinglaidoff)istheinevitableresultofsocialcompetitionAttendingcollegeisreallyadmirableexceptthehightuitionandfees.Attendingcollegeisreallyadmirableexceptforthehightuitionandfees.Iwishtolearnmoreknowledgeatcollege.Iwishtoacquiremoreknowledgeatcollege.

60CommonproblemsofChinesestudentsProblems6:ChineseEnglishInthepast,manymenobjectedtheirwivestogoouttowork.Inthepast,manymenobjectedtotheirwives’goingouttowork.Accordingtomyopinion,applyingforaloanisthebestwaytosolvetheproblemoftuitionandfeesforcollege.Inmyopinion,applyingforaloanisthebestwaytosolvetheproblemoftuitionandfeesforcollege.Somemanufacturersonlyknowmakingmoney.Somemanufacturersonlycareformakingmoney.

61Problems6:ChineseEnglishParentsshouldlimittheirchildrentowatchTV.ParentsshouldlimitthetimetheirchildrenspendonwatchingTV.Afterhegraduatedfromauniversity,hetookpartinworkAfterhegraduatedfromauniversity,hegotajob.Iamnecessarytofindapart-timejobduringthevacation.Itisnecessaryformetofindapart-timejobduringthevacation.

62Problems6:ChineseEnglishThechiefreasonsforthechangehavefivepoints.Therearefivemainreasonsforthechange.Therearemanypeopletakepartinsportsnow.Therearemanypeoplewhotakepartinsportsnow.Nowpeoplegoabroadisnoteasy.Itisnoteasyforpeopletogoabroadnow.WatchingTVisconvenientandsufferfromtrafficjams.WatchingTVisconvenient,andpeoplewon’tsufferfromtrafficjams.

63Amodelofpassageorganization•Par.1•Sentence1:topicsentence(supp.idea)•Sentence2:supportingidea(top.sentence)•Par.2•Sentence3:topicsentence•Sentence4:topicdeveloper1•Sentence5:supportingidea1•Sentence6:supportingidea2•Sentence7:topicdeveloper2•Sentence8:supportingidea1•Sentence9:supportingidea2•Par.3•Sentence10:topicsentence(paraphrase)

64PassagewritingHowtobeginapassage:AnExampleInthisworld,weshouldthinkmoreofotherpeoplethanofourselves.Bydoingso,ourworldwillbefullofhappinessThis,ofcourse,ismypersonalview.ButitisalessonIhavedrawnfromoneofmyownexperience.Sonow,Iwouldliketosharethatexperiencewithyou,mydearreader.

65•Comments:•“Wejustneedtogiveitagood,strongtopicsentenceusingthewriter’sownideastoformit.”•Alittlegirltaughtme,andabustfulofpeople,animportantlessonabouttheimportanceofthinkingmoreofotherpeoplethanofourselves.OnedayItookaverycrowdedbustoschool…

66PassagewritingHowtobeginapassage1.引用名人名言，警句AnoldChinesesayinggoeswell:“Asternteacherfostersablestudents.”Nothingispermanentexceptchange,asanoldproverbgoes.

672.问句开头，激发兴趣Whydomanypeoplegoabroad?Manypeopleposethequestionlikethis.“Shouldmenandwomenbeequal?”Thisisaquestionmuchtalkedaboutbypeopleallovertheworldtoday.Noonecandenythefactthat…

683.列出现象与背景Manynationshavebeenfacedwiththeproblemof…/havefacedtheproblem...Nowadaystherehasbeenagrowingtendencyto…Recentlymoreandmorepeopleareputtingahighpremiumontheissueof...

694.阐明观点Itisacommonviewthat…Nowpeoplearebecomingawareoftheimportanceof…Thereisagrowingawarenessoftheimportanceof...

70Howtodevelopthepassage•ChronologicalDescription•Cause-and-effectAnalysis•ComparisonandContrast•Listing

711.ChronologicalDescription•Originallywewantedto….Morerecentlywehaveattemptedto….Nowwearetryingto….Inthefutureweshalltryto…

722.Cause-and-effectAnalysis•Therearemanyreasonsforthisbutthemainthreeareasfollows.First,….Second,….Lastbutnotleast,…•Manyfactorsareresponsiblefortheproblem,butinmyopinionthefollowingtwofactorsareworthmentioninghere.

733.ComparisonandContrast•However,likemanyotherthings,…hasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.•Obviously,...hasbothnegativeeffectsandpositiveeffects.•Manyarguethat…,whileothersmaintainthat…

744.Listing•Therearemanywaystocategorize…,buthereisafairlysimpleone:•Thefollowingmethodsareparticularlyproductivefor…1.….2….3….

75Howtoendthepassage1.Drawaconclusion•Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemayreasonablydrawtheconclusionthat…•Inaword,...•Ashasbeenmentionedabove,aconclusioncanbedrawnthatsomeeffectivemeasuresshouldbetakeninnotime.Forexample,…inaddition,…

762.SignificanceItistimethatweputanimmediateendto…Itisnecessarythatsomeeffectivestepsshouldbetaken…Onlybydoingthiscanwe…

773.Hopeoroutcome•Anypersonwhoignores/failstolearnthewarningwould…•Ionlyhopethatsomedaytherecanbeasolutiontothisproblem.•Nodoubt,…willcontinuetobeaproblemof…forsometimetocome.

78ThankyouforListening!