三年2020-2022新高考英语真题分项汇编专题05 阅读理解记叙文（解析版）

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三年2020-2022新高考英语真题分项汇编专题05阅读理解记叙文新高考真题全收录2022年新高考II卷之B篇Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.ThishithomeformeasIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.Ihadbroughtachildren’sbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsandcolorfulpictures—aperfectmatchforhisage.Picturethis:mygrandsonsittingonmylapasIholdthebookinfrontsohecanseethepictures.AsIread,hereachesoutandpokes(戳)thepagewithhisfinger.What’supwiththat?Hejustlikesthepictures,Ithought.ThenIturnedthepageandcontinued.Hepokedthepageevenharder.Inearlydroppedthebook.Iwasconfused:Istheresomethingwrongwiththiskid?ThenIrealizedwhatwashappening.Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.Sorry,kid.Thisbookisnotpartofyourhigh-techworld.It’sanoutdated,lifelessthing.Anantique,likeyourgrandfather.Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.Butthatdidn’tstopChinaDailyfromaskingmelastweektoshareapersonalstoryforavideoprojectabouttheintegrationofBeijing,TianjinandHebeiprovince.Anyway,grandpaisnowaninternetstar—twominutesoffame!Ipromisenottoletitgotomyhead.ButIwillmakesuremy2-year-oldgrandsonseesitonhistablet.4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hithomeforme”meaninparagraph2?A.Providedshelterforme.B.Becameverycleartome.C.Tookthepressureoffme.D.Workedquitewellonme.5.Whydidthekidpokethestorybook?A.Hetookitforatabletcomputer.B.Hedislikedthecolorfulpictures.C.Hewasangrywithhisgrandpa.D.Hewantedtoreaditbyhimself.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhimself?A.Sociallyambitious.B.Physicallyattractive.C.Financiallyindependent.D.Digitallycompetent.7.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorasajournalist?A.Helacksexperienceinhisjob.B.Heseldomappearsontelevision.C.Hemanagesavideodepartment.D.Heofteninterviewsinternetstars.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.”以及画线词后文“asIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.(事实上，他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，当你戳它们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那样的)”可知，那孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.(我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为自己懂数码技术。故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.(然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的)”可知，作者作为记者他很少上电视。故选B。2022年1月浙江卷之A篇Fornearlyadecadenow,Merebethhasbeenaself-employedpettransportspecialist.Herpettransportjobwasbornofthefinancialcrisis（危机）inthelate2000s.Thedownturnhittherealestate（房地产）firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwentbrokeandleftherlookingforanewjob.Oneday,whiledrivingnearherhome,shesawadogwanderingontheroad,clearlylost.Shetookithome,andhersisterinDenveragreedtotakeit.Thiswasalovinghomeforsure,but1,600milesaway.Itdidn'ttakelongforMerebethtodecidetodrivethedogthereherself.Itwasherfirstroadtriptohernewjob.Merebeth'spetdeliveryservicealsosatisfiesherwanderlust.IthastakenhertoeverystateintheUSexceptMontana,WashingtonandOregon,shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanewplace,shewillsimplyfindapetwithtransportneedsthere.Shetravelsinallweathers.Shehasdriventhrough55mphwindsinWyoming,heavyfloodingandstormsinAlabamaandtotalwhiteoutconditionsinKansas.Thiswanderlustisinheritedfromherfather,shesays.ShemovedtheirfamilyfromCanadatoCaliforniawhenshewasoneyearold,becausehewantedthemtoexploreanewplacetogether.AssoonasshegraduatedfromhighschoolshelefthometoliveonCatalinaIslandofftheCaliforniancoast,awayfromherparents,wheresheenjoyed学科网（北京）股份有限公司

2alifeofsailingandoff-roadbiking.Itturnsoutthatpettransportingpaysquitewellatabout$30000peryearbeforetax.Shedoesn'tworkinsummer,asitwouldbeunpleasantlyhotfortheanimalsinthecar,evenwithairconditioning.Asautumncomes,shegetsrestless—thesameoldwanderlustreturning.It'sacallshemustheedalone,though.Merebethsays,"WhenIamontheroad,I'mjustinmyownworld.I'vealwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjustfeelstronglythatImushhelpanimals.*'1.WhydidMerebethchangedherjob?A.Shewantedtoworknearherhome.B.Shewastiredofworkingintheoffice.C.HersisteraskedhertomovetoDenver.D.Herformeremployerwasoutofbusiness.2.Theword"wanderlust"inparagraph2meansadesireto_________?A.makemoney.B.tryvariousjobs.C.beclosetonature.D.traveltodifferentplaces.3.WhatcanwelearnaboutMerebethinhernewjob?A.Shehaschancestoseerareanimals.B.Sheworkshardthroughouttheyear.C.Shereliesonherselfthewholetime.D.Sheearnsabasicandtax-freesalary.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Merebeth从事的新工作。近十年来，她一直是一名自营宠物运输专家。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thedownturnhittherealestate（房地产）firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwentbrokeandleftherlookingforanewjob.（她曾在一家房地产公司做了10年的办公室经理，经济低迷打击了这家公司。公司破产了，她只好另寻新工作）”，可知，Merebeth之所以换工作，是因为她以前的雇主破产了。故选D。【2题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“IthastakenhertoeverystateintheUSexceptMontana,WashingtonandOregon,shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanewplace,shewillsimplyfindapetwithtransportneedsthere.Shetravelsinallweathers.（她自豪地说，除了蒙大拿州、华盛顿州和俄勒冈州，她走遍了美国所有的州。如果她想去一个新的地方，她只需要找到一个有交通需要的宠物。她风雨无阻地旅行）”，可知，划线词的意思是“渴望去不同的地方旅行”。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“WhenIamontheroad,I'mjustinmyownworld.I'vealwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjustfeelstronglythatImushhelpanimals.（当我在路上的时候，我只是在自己的世界里。我一直很独立，我强烈地觉得我必须帮助动物）”，可知，Merebeth在她的新工作中一直都是靠自己。故选C。2021年新高考I卷之B篇学科网（北京）股份有限公司

3Byday,RobertTittertonisalawyer.InhisspareonstagebesidepianistMariaRaspopova—notasamusicianbutasherpageturner.“I’mnotatrainedmusician,butI’velearnttoreadmusicsoIcanhelpMariainherperformance.”Mr.TittertonischairmanoftheOmegaEnsemblebuthasbeenthegroup’sofficialpageturnerforthepastfouryears.Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn’thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.Hesaidhebecamejustasnervousasthoseplayinginstrumentsonstage.“Alotofskillsareneededforthejob.Youhavetomakesureyoudon’tturntwopagesatonceandmakesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhavetogobacktotherightspot.”Mr.Tittertonexplained.Beingapageturnerrequiresplentyofpractice.Somepiecesofmusiccangofor40minutesandrequireupto50pageturns,includingbackturnsforrepeatpassages.Silentonstagecommunicationiskey,andeachpianisthastheirownstyleof“nodding”toindicateapageturnwhichtheyneedtopractisewiththeirpageturner.Butlikeallperformances,therearemomentswhenthingsgowrong.“Iwasturningthepagetogetreadyforthenextpage,butthedraftwindfromtheturncausedthesparepagestofalloffthestand,”Mr.Tittertonsaid,“LuckilyIwasabletocatchthemandputthemback.”Mostpageturnersarepianostudentsorup-and-comingconcertpianists,althoughMs.Raspopovahasonceaskedherhusbandtohelpheroutonstage.“Myhusbandistheworstpageturner,”shelaughed.“He’sinterestedinthemusic,feelingeverynote,andIhavetosay:‘Turn,turn!’“RobertisthebestpageturnerI’vehadinmyentirelife.”24.WhatshouldTittertonbeabletodotobeapageturner?A.Readmusic.B.Playthepiano.CSingsongs.D.Fixtheinstruments.25.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTitterton’sjobonstage?A.Boring.B.Well-paid.C.Demanding.D.Dangerous.26.WhatdoesTittertonneedtopractise?A.Countingthepages.B.Recognizingthe“nodding”.C.Catchingfallingobjects.D.Performinginhisownstyle.27.WhyisMsRaspopova’shusband“theworsepageturner”?A.Hehasverypooreyesight.B.Heignorestheaudience.C.Hehasnointerestinmusic.D.Heforgetstodohisjob.【答案】24.A25.C26.B27.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为钢琴演奏者做翻页工作的RobertTitterton和他的工作情况。【24题】细节理解题。根据第一段“I’mnotatrainedmusician,butI’velearnttoreadmusicsoIcanhelpMariainherperformance.(我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria的表演中帮助她)”可知，Titterton因为识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页。故选A项。【25题】推理判断题。根据第三段“Alotofskillsareneededforthejob.Youhavetomakesureyoudon’tturntwopagesatonceandmakesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhavetogobacktotheright学科网（北京）股份有限公司

4spot.(这项工作需要很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页并且必要的时候确保你回到前面找到音乐重复的部分)”可知，为钢琴家翻页这项工作很需要技巧。由此推知，Titterton的工作要求是很高的。故选C项。【26题】细节理解题。根据第四段“Silentonstagecommunicationiskey,andeachpianisthastheirownstyleof“nodding”toindicateapageturnwhichtheyneedtopractisewiththeirpageturner.(无声的舞台交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示翻页，他们需要和翻页者进行练习)”可知，Titterton需要和钢琴演奏者练习识别他们的“点头”示意来翻页。故选B项。【27题】细节理解题。根据最后一段“He’sinterestedinthemusic,feelingeverynote,andIhavetosay:‘Turn,turn!’(他对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”)”可知，MsRaspopova的丈夫因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选D项。2021年新高考II卷之B篇IhaveworkedasakeeperattheNationalZoo,Parisfor11years.SpotandStripearethefirsttigercubsthathaveeverbeenbornhere.Globally,athirdofSumatrancubsinzoosdon'tmakeittoadulthood,soIdecidedtogivethemround-the-clockcareathome.I'vegottwochildren—theyoungerone,Kynan,wasextremelyhappyaboutthetigersarriving-butallofusreallylookedforwardtobeingpartoftheirlivesandwatchingthemgrow.Iwasn'tworriedaboutbringingthemintomyhomewithmywifeandkids.Thesewerecubs.Theyweighedabout2.5kgandweresosmallthattherewasabsolutelynorisk.Astheygrewmoremobile,weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringtheday,butwhenwewereasleepwehadtocontaintheminalargeroom,otherwisethey'dgetuptomischief.We'dcomedowninthemorningtofindthey'dturnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlookinglikeazoo.Thingsquicklygotveryintenseduetothehugeamountofenergyrequiredtolookafterthem.ThereweresometoughtimesandIjustfeltextremelytired.Iwasgratefulthatmyfamilywastheretohelp.Wehadtohaveabitofaproductionlinegoing,makingup“tigermilk”,washingbabybottles,andcleaningthefloors.WhenSpotandStripewerefourmonthsold,theywerelearninghowtoopendoorsandjumpfences,andweknewitreallywastimeforthemtogo.Itwashardforustofinallypartwiththem.Forthefirstfewdays,Kynanwasalwaysabitdisappointedthatthecubsweren'tthere.I'mnotsadaboutit.I'mhands-onwiththemeverydayatthezoo,andIdolookbackveryfondlyonthetimethatwehadthem.4.Whydidtheauthorbringthetigercubshome?A.Toensuretheirsurvival.B.Toobservetheirdifferences.C.Toteachthemlifeskills.D.Toletthemplaywithhiskids.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getuptomischief”meaninparagraph3?A.Behavebadly.B.Losetheirway.C.Sleepsoundly.D.Misstheirmom.6.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofraisingthetigercubsathome?A.Boring.B.Tiring.C.Costly.D.Risky.7.WhydidtheauthordecidetosendSpotandStripebacktothezoo?A.Theyfrightenedthechildren.B.Theybecamedifficulttocontain.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

5C.Theyannoyedtheneighbours.D.Theystartedfightingeachother.【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为了保证两只老虎幼崽的存活，决定在家里全天候照顾它们。介绍了老虎在作者家生活的情况以及作者照顾老虎的感受。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Globally,athirdofSumatrancubsinzoosdon'tmakeittoadulthood,soIdecidedtogivethemround-the-clockcareathome.(在全球范围内，动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊老虎幼崽活不到成年，所以我决定在家里全天候照顾它们)”可知，作者把老虎幼崽带回家是为了确保他们的存活。故选A。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Astheygrewmoremobile,weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringtheday,butwhenwewereasleepwehadtocontaintheminalargeroom,otherwisethey'd”（随着它们的活动越来越多，我们白天让它们在房子里自由活动，但当我们睡觉时，我们必须把它们关在一个大房间里，否则它们会）以及后文“We'dcomedowninthemorningtofindthey'dturnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlookinglikeazoo.”（我们早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，让它看起来像个动物园。）可知，作者不得不把老虎们关在一个大房间里，否则它们就会调皮捣蛋，表现不好。早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，看起来像个动物园。故画线词意思是“表现不好”。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Thingsquicklygotveryintenseduetothehugeamountofenergyrequiredtolookafterthem.ThereweresometoughtimesandIjustfeltextremelytired.(由于需要大量的精力来照顾它们，事情很快变得非常紧张。有一段艰难的日子，我只是觉得非常累)”可推知，作者认为在家里养小老虎累人。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“WhenSpotandStripewerefourmonthsold,theywerelearninghowtoopendoorsandjumpfences,andweknewitreallywastimeforthemtogo.(当Spot和Stripe四个月大的时候，他们正在学习如何开门和跳栅栏，我们知道是时候让他们离开了)”可知，作者决定把Spot和Stripe送回动物园是因为他们变得难以控制。故选B。2021年新高考II卷之C篇ABritishwomanwhowonaS1millionprizeaftershewasnamedtheWorld'sBestTeacherwillusethecashtobringinspirationalfiguresintoUKschools.AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution(变革).“Wearegoingtomakeachange,”shesaid.“I’vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools.”Theprojectresultsfromthedifficultiesmanyschoolshaveingettingartistsofanysort-whetheranup-and-cominglocalmusicianoramajormoviestar-intoschoolstoworkwithandinspirechildren.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

6ZafirakoubegantheprojectatAlpertonCommunitySchoolherplaceofworkforthepasttwelveyears.“I'veseenthosemagicmomentswhenchildrenaretalkingtosomeonetheyareinspiredby-theireyesareshiningandtheirfaceslightup,”shesaid.“Weneedartists.morethaneverinourschools."ArtistMichaelCraig-Martinsaid:“Andria'sbrilliantprojecttobringartistsfromallfieldsintodirectcontactwithchildrenisparticularlywelcomeatatimewhentheartsarebeingdowngradedinschools."Itwasamistaketoseetheartsasunnecessary,headded.HistorianSirSimonSchamaisalsoasupporteroftheproject.Hesaidthatartseducationinschoolswasnotjustanadd-on.“Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependsoncreativityandcreativitydependsontheyoung.Whatwillremainofuswhenartificialintelligencetakesoverwillbeourcreativity,anditisourcreativespirit,ourvisionarysenseoffreshness,thathasbeenourstrengthforcenturies."8.WhatwillZafirakoudowithherprizemoney?A.Makeamovie.B.Buildnewschools.C.Runaproject.D.Helplocalmusicians.9.WhatdoesCraig-MartinthinkoftheteachingoftheartsinUKschools?A.Itisparticularlydifficult.B.Itincreasesartists'income.C.Itopenschildren'smind.D.Itdeservesgreaterattention.10.WhatshouldbestressedinschooleducationaccordingtoSchama?A.Moralprinciples.B.Interpersonalskills.C.Creativeabilities.D.Positiveworldviews.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BringArtiststoSchoolsB.WhenHistoriansMeetArtistsC.ArtsEducationinBritainD.TheWorld'sBestArtsTeacher【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国一名女子在被评为世界最佳教师后获得了100万英镑的奖金，她将用这笔奖金发起一个项目，让艺术家进入学校。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution.“Wearegoingtomakeachange,”shesaid.“I’vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(AndriaZafirakou)表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，Zafirakou打算用自己的奖金运行一个项目。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Theprojectresultsfromthedifficultiesmanyschoolshaveingettingartistsofanysort-whetheranup-and-cominglocalmusicianoramajormoviestar-intoschoolstoworkwithandinspirechildren.（许多学校很难让任何类型的艺术家——无论是当地崭露头角的音乐家还是主要的电影明星——进入学校，与孩子们一起工作并激励他们，因此才有了这个项目。）”可知，Craig-Martin认为，英国学校的艺术教学尤其困难。故选A。学科网（北京）股份有限公司

7【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependsoncreativityandcreativitydependsontheyoung.（这是绝对必要的。未来取决于创造力，而创造力取决于年轻人。）”可知，Schama认为学校教育应该强调创造力。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution.“Wearegoingtomakeachange,”shesaid.“I’vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(AndriaZafirakou)表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，文章讲述了AndriaZafirakou用自己的奖金启动了一个项目，将艺术家带进学校，促进艺术教学。故选A。2021年1月浙江卷之A篇Morethan25yearsago,SarooBrierleylivedinrural（农村）India.Oneday,heplayedwithhisbrotheralongtheraillineandfellasleep.Whenhewokeupandfoundhimselfalone,the4-year-olddecidedhisbrothermightbeonthetrainhesawinfrontofhim-sohegoton.Thattraintookhimathousandmilesacrossthecountrytoatotallystrangecity.Helivedonthestreets,andtheninanorphanage（孤儿院）.There,hewasadoptedbyanAustralianfamilyandflowntoTasmania.Ashewritesinhisnewbook,ALongWayHome,Brierleycouldn'thelpbutwonderabouthishometownbackinIndia.Herememberedlandmarks,butsincehedidn'tknowhistown'sname,findingasmallneighborhoodinavastcountryprovedtobeimpossible.Thenhefoundadigitalmappingprogram.Hespentyearssearchingforhishometownintheprogram'ssatellitepictures.In2011,hecameacrosssomethingfamiliar.Hestudieditandrealizedhewaslookingatatown'scentralbusinessdistrictfromabird's-eyeview.Hethought,“Ontheright-handsideyoushouldseethethree-platformtrainstation”—andthereitwas."Andontheleft-handsideyoushouldseeabigfountain"-andthereitwas.Everythingjuststartedtomatch.Whenhestoodinfrontofthehousewherehegrewupasachild,hesawaladystandingintheentrance."There'ssomethingaboutme,"hethought—andittookhimafewsecondsbuthefinallyrememberedwhatsheusedtolooklike.InaninterviewBrierleysays,"MymotherlookedsomuchshorterthanIremembered.Butshecameforthandwalkedforward,andIwalkedforward,andmyfeelingsandtearsandthechemicalinmybrain,youknow,itwaslikeanuclearfusion（核聚变）.Ijustdidn'tknowwhattosay,becauseIneverthoughtseeingmymotherwouldevercometrue.AndhereIam,standinginfrontofher.”38．WhywasBrierleyseparatedfromhisfamilyabout25yearsago?A．Hegotonatrainbymistake.B．Hegotlostwhileplayinginthestreet.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

8C．Hewastakenawaybyaforeigner.D．HewasadoptedbyanAustralianfamily.39．HowdidBrierleyfindhishometown?A．Byanalyzingoldpictures.B．BytravellingallaroundIndia.C．Bystudyingdigitalmaps.D．Byspreadinghisstoryviahisbook.40．WhatdoesBrierleymainlytalkaboutintheinterview?A．Hisloveforhismother.B．Hisreunionwithhismother.C．Hislongwaybackhome.D．Hismemoryofhishometown.【答案】38．A39．C40．B【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了布尔利小时候意外走失，长大后通过自己努力找回家人的故事。38．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Whenhewokeupandfoundhimselfalone:the4-year-olddecidedhisbrothermightbeonthetrainhesawinfrontofhim-sohegoton.(当他醒来发现自己一个人时：4岁的孩子判断他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火车上，所以他上了车)”以及第二段中“Thattraintookhimathousandmilesacrossthecountrytoatotallystrangecity.(那列火车把他带到了一个千里迢迢之外的陌生城市）”可知，布尔利在25年前和家人分开是因为他误上了火车。故选A项。39．细节理解题。通过文章第四段“Thenhefoundadigitalmappingprogram.Hespentyearssearchingforhishometownintheprogram’ssatellitepictures.(然后他找到了一个数字地图程序。他花了数年时间在该节目的卫星图片中寻找家乡)”以及“Everythingjuststartedtomatch.(一切都开始匹配了）”可知，布尔利是通过研究数字地图找到家乡的。故选C项。40．细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“InaninterviewBrierleysays:“MymotherlookedsomuchshorterthanIremembered.Butshecameforthandwalkedforward,andIwalkedforward,andmyfeelingsandtearsandthechemicalinmybrain,youknow:itwaslikenuclearfusion（核聚变）.justdidn’tknowwhattosay:becauseIneverthoughtseeingmymotherwouldevercometrue.AndhereIam,standinginfrontofher.(在一次采访中，布尔利说：“我妈妈看起来比我记忆中矮多了。但是她走了出来，朝我走来，我也向着她走去，我的感情、眼泪和大脑里的化学物质，你知道的：就像发生了核聚变。只是不知道该说些什么：因为我从没想过见到我母亲会成为现实。我就在这里，站在她面前。)”可知，作者在采访中讲述了他和母亲的团聚。故选B项。2021年6月浙江卷LeslieNielsen’schildhoodwasadifficultone,buthehadoneparticularshiningstarinhislife—hisuncle,whowasawell-knownactor.TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareer(职业)inacting.Eventhoughheoftenfelthewouldbediscoveredtobeano-talent,hemovedforward,gainingascholarshiptotheNeighborhoodPlayhouseandmakinghisfirsttelevisionappearanceafewyearslaterin1948.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

9However,becomingafull-time,successfulactorwouldstillbeanuphillbattleforanothereightyearsuntilhelandedanumberoffilmrolesthatfinallygothimnoticed.Buteventhen,whathehadwasn’tquitewhathewanted.Nielsenalwaysfeltheshouldbedoingcomedybuthisgoodlooksanddistinguishedvoicekepthimbusyindramaticroles.Itwasn’tuntil1980—32yearsintohiscareer—thathelandedtheroleitwouldseemhewasmadeforinAirplane!Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofhiscareerwherehiscomedicpresencealonecouldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhenmoviereviewerswouldnotrateithighly.DidNielsenthenfeelcontentinhiscareer?Yesandno.Hewasthrilledtobedoingthecomedythathealwaysfeltheshoulddobutevenduringhislastfewyears,healwayshadasenseofcuriosity,wonderingwhatnewroleorchallengemightbejustaroundthecomer.Heneverstoppedworking,neverretired.LeslieNielsen’sdevotiontoactingiswonderfullyinspiring.Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkanddetermination.Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire,nevergivenupon,canmakeforaremarkablelife.1.WhydidNielsenwanttobeanactor?A.Heenjoyedwatchingmovies.B.Hewaseagertoearnmoney.C.HewantedtobelikehisuncleD.Hefelthewasgoodatacting.2.WhatdoweknowaboutNielseninthesecondhalfofhiscareer?A.Hedirectedsomehighqualitymovies.B.Heavoidedtakingonnewchallenges.C.Hefocusedonplayingdramaticroles.D.Hebecameasuccessfulcomedyactor.3.WhatdoesNielsen’scareerstorytellus?A.Artislong,lifeisshort.B.Hewholaughslastlaughslongest.C.It’snevertoolatetolearn.D.Wherethere’sawillthere’saway.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了LeslieNielsen的演艺生涯。【1题】细节理解题。通过文章第一段“hisuncle,whowasawell-knownactor.TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareerinacting.(他的叔叔，是一位著名的演员。Nielsen的叔叔所赢得的钦佩和尊重激励他走上了演艺事业)”可知，Nielsen想当演员的原因是想像他叔叔一样。故选C项。【2题】细节理解题。通过文章第二段“Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofhiscareerwherehiscomedicpresencealonecouldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhenmoviereviewerswouldnotrateithighly.(这部电影使他进入了职业生涯的后半段，即使影评人对这部电影评价不高，但仅仅凭他的喜剧表演就可以使这部电影获得经济上的成功)”可知，在Nielsen职业生涯的后半段，他成了一个成功的喜剧演员。故选D项。【3题】推理判断题。通读全文，再结合文章最后一段“Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkanddetermination.Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire,nevergivenupon,canmakeforaremarkablelife.(他凭借平凡的努力和决心建立了一个非常成功的事业。他告诉我们，即使是只有一个愿望，永不放弃，也能成就非凡的人生)”可推知，Nielsen的职业经历告诉我们：有志者事竟成。故选D项。学科网（北京）股份有限公司

102021年6月浙江卷Weliveinatownwiththreebeaches.Therearetwopartslessthan10minutes’walkfromhomewhereneighborhoodchildrengathertoplay.However,whatmychildrenwanttodoafterschoolispickupascreen—anyscreen—andstareatitforhours.Theyarenotalone.Today'schildrenspendanaverageoffourandahalfhoursadaylookingatscreens,splitbetweenwatchingtelevisionandusingtheInternet.Inthepastfewyears,anincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganisationshavebeguncomingupwithplanstocounterthistrend.Acoupleofyearsagofilm-makerDavidBondrealisedthathischildren,thenagedfiveandthree,wereattachedtoscreenstothepointwherehewasabletosay“chocolate”intohisthree-year-oldson’searwithoutgettingaresponse.Herealisedthatsomethingneededtochange,and,beingaLondonmediatype,appointedhimself“marketingdirectorfromNature”.Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople.TheresultwasProjectWildThing,afilmwhichchartsthebirthoftheWorldNetwork,agroupoforganisationswiththecommongoalofgettingchildrenoutintonature.“Justfivemoreminutesoutdoorscanmakeadifference,”DavidBondsays.“Thereisalotofreallyinterestingevidencewhichseemstobesuggestingthatifchildrenareinspireduptotheageofseven,thenbeingoutdoorswillbeonhabitforlife.”Hisownchildrenhavegotintothehabitofplayingoutsidenow:“Wejustsendthemoutintothegardenandtellthemnottocomebackinforawhile.”Summerisuponus.Thereisanamazingworldoutthere,anditneedsourchildrenasmuchastheyneedit.Letusgetthemoutandletthemplay.4.Whatistheproblemwiththeauthor’schildren?A.Theyoftenannoytheirneighbours.B.Theyaretiredofdoingtheirhomework.C.TheyhavenofriendstoplaywithD.Theystayinfrontofscreensfortoolong.5.HowdidDavidBondadvocatehisidea?A.Bymakingadocumentaryfilm.B.Byorganizingoutdooractivities.C.ByadvertisinginLondonmedia.D.Bycreatinganetworkoffriends.6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“charts”inparagraph2?A.recordsB.predictsC.delaysD.confirms7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LetChildrenHaveFunB.YoungChildrenNeedMoreFreeTimeC.MarketNaturetoChildrenD.DavidBond:ARoleModelforChildren【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了电影制作人DavidBond为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。【4题】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However,whatmychildrenwanttodoafterschoolispickupascreen—anyscreen—andstareatitforhours.(然而，我的孩子们放学后想做的是拿起一个屏幕——任何屏幕——盯着它看几个小时)”可知，作者的孩子在屏幕前呆的时间太长了。故选D项。【5题】细节理解题。根据第二段“Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarkedtoyoungpeople.(他记录了他的旅程，他开始把大自然当作一个品牌，让年轻人看到)”可知，David学科网（北京）股份有限公司

11Bond通过拍一个纪录片宣传他的想法。故选A项。【6题】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“afilm”可知，本句主语是一部电影，下文“thebirthoftheWorldNetwork(世界网络的诞生)”解释了这部电影的主旨。由此推知，划线词charts意为“记录、描绘”，与“records”意思一致。故选A项。【7题】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople.TheresultwasProjectWildThing,afilmwhichchartsthebirthoftheWorldNetwork,agroupoforganisationswiththecommongoalofgettingchildrenoutintonature.(他把自己的旅行记录下来，开始把自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。其结果是ProjectWildThing，一部记录了WorldNetwork(世界网络)诞生的电影，WorldNetwork(世界网络)是以让孩子们接触大自然为共同目标的团体)”可推知，本文主要讲述了电影制作人DavidBond为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。由此可知，C项MarketNaturetoChildren(把自然推销给年轻人)适合作本文标题。故选C项。2020年全国II卷之D篇Ihaveaspecialplaceinmyheartforlibraries.IhaveforaslongasIcanremember.Iwasalwaysanenthusiasticreader,sometimesreadinguptothreebooksadayasachild.Storieswerelikeairtomeandwhileotherkidsplayedballorwenttoparties,IlivedoutadventuresthroughthebooksIcheckedoutfromthelibrary.MyfirstjobwasworkingattheUkiahLibrarywhenIwas16yearsold.ItwasadreamjobandIdideverythingfromshelvingbookstoreadingtothechildrenforstorytime.AsIgrewolderandbecameamother,thelibrarytookonanewplaceandanaddedmeaninginmylife.Ihadseveralchildrenandbookswereourmainsource(来源)ofentertainment.Itwasabigdealforustoloadupandgotothelocallibrary,wheremykidscouldpickoutbookstoreadorbookstheywantedmetoreadtothem.Ialwaysread,usingdifferentvoices,asthoughIwereactingoutthestorieswithmyvoiceandtheylovedit!Itwasaspecialtimetobondwithmychildrenanditfilledthemwiththewondermentofbooks.Now,IseemychildrentakingtheirchildrentothelibraryandIlovethattheexcitementofgoingtothelibrarylivesonformgenerationtogeneration.Asanovelist,I’vefoundanewrelationshipwithlibraries.Iencouragereaderstogototheirlocallibrarywhentheycan’taffordtopurchaseabook.Iseelibrariesasasafehaven(避风港)forreadersandwriters,abridgethathelpsputtogetherareaderwithabook.Libraries,intheirownway,helpfightbookpiracy(盗版行为)and1thinkallwritersshouldsupportlibrariesinasignificantwaywhentheycan.Encouragereaderstousethelibrary.Sharelibraryannouncementsonyoursocialmedia.Frequentthemandtalkaboutthemwhenyoucan.32.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’srelationshipwithbooksasachild?A.Cooperative.B.Uneasy.C.Inseparable.D.Casual.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“anaddedmeaning”inparagraph3referto?A.Pleasurefromworkinginthelibrary.B.Joyofreadingpassedoninthefamily.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

12C.Wondermentfromactingoutthestories.D.Acloserbonddevelopedwiththereaders.34.Whatdoestheauthorcallonotherwriterstodo?A.Sponsorbookfairs.B.Writeforsocialmedia.C.Supportlibraries.D.Purchasehernovels.35.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Reading:ASourceofKnowledgeB.MyIdeaaboutwritingC.Library:AHavenfortheYoungD.MyLoveoftheLibrary【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者是一个热情的读者，孩提时热衷读书，第一份工作在图书馆。有了孩子以后，一家人去图书馆读书，阅读的习惯代代传承下去。作为小说家，作者呼吁其他作家支持图书馆，宣传图书馆。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的Iwasalwaysanenthusiasticreader，sometimesreadinguptothreebooksadayasachild.Storieswerelikeairtomeandwhileotherkidsplayedballorwenttoparties.IlivedoutadventuresthroughthebooksIcheckedoutfromthelibrary.(我一直是一个热情的读者，孩提时，有时候每天读多达三本书。故事对我来说就像空气，而其他孩子则打球或参加聚会。我通过从图书馆借阅来的书籍经历冒险)可推断，作者小时候与书是密不可分的。故选C。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文AsIgrewolderandbecameamother可知，我长大了成了一位母亲，结合下文Ihadseveralchildrenandbookswereourmainsource(来源)ofentertainment.Itwasabigdealforustoloadupandgotothelocallibrary,wheremykidscouldpickoutbookstoreadorbookstheywantedmetoreadtothem(我有几个孩子，书是我们娱乐的主要来源。对于我们来说，坐上车去当地的图书馆是件大事，在那里我的孩子们可以挑选要阅读的书或者想让我给他们读的书)可推断，作者成了母亲以后，带着孩子去图书馆，孩子挑选书籍来阅读，或者作者读给他们听，因此可知图书馆在作者的生活中又增添了新的意义，阅读的乐趣在家庭中代代相传”。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的Ithinkallwritersshouldsupportlibrariesinasignificantwaywhentheycan.Encouragereaderstousethelibrary.Sharelibraryannouncementsonyoursocialmedia.Frequentthemandtalkaboutthemwhenyoucan.(我认为所有的作家都应该在他们可以的时候以有意义的方式支持图书馆。鼓励读者使用图书馆。在社交媒体上分享图书馆公告。可以的时候常去图书馆，谈论图书馆)可知，作者呼吁其他的作家们支持图书馆。故选C。【35题详解】学科网（北京）股份有限公司

13主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章讲述了作者是一名热情地读者，孩提时喜欢阅读，工作在图书馆。有了孩子以后，一家人去图书馆读书，阅读的习惯代代传承下去，作为小说家，作者呼吁其他作家支持图书馆，宣传图书馆。因此推断全文围绕“作者对图书馆的爱”展开讲述。故D项“我对图书馆的爱”为最佳标题。故选D。2020年1月浙江卷之A篇Ineverknewanyonewho’dgrownupinJacksonwithoutbeingafraidofMrs.Callowayourlibrarian.SheranJackson’sCarnegieLibraryabsolutelybyherself.SILENCEinbigblackletterswasonsignshungeverywhere.Ifshethoughtyouweredressedimproperly,shesentyoustraightbackhometochangeyourclothes.Iwaswilling；Iwoulddoanythingtoread.MymotherwasnotafraidofMrs.Calloway.Shewishedmetohavemyownlibrarycardtocheckoutbooksformyself,Shetookmeintointroduceme.“Eudoraisnineyearsoldandhasmypermissiontoreadanybookshewantsfromtheshelves,childrenoradults,”Mothersaid.Mrs.Callowaymadeherownrulesaboutbooks.Youcouldnottakebackabooktothelibraryonthesamedayyou`dtakenitout；itmadenodifferencetoherthatyou’dreadeverywordinitandneededanothertostart.Youcouldtakeouttwobooksatatimeandtwoonly.Sotwobytwo,IreadlibrarybooksasfastasIcouldgo,rushingthemhomeinthebasketofmybicycle.FromtheminuteIreachedourhouse,Istartedtoread.Iknewthiswasextremehappiness,knewitatthetime.Mymothersharedthisfeelingofmine.Now,Ithinkofherasreadingsomuchofthetimewhiledoingsomethingelse.IrememberherreadingamagazinewhiletakingthepartoftheWolfinagameof"LittleRedRidingHood"withmybrother'stwodaughters.She'djustlookupattherighttime,longenoughtoanswer–incharacter–"Thebettertoeatyouwith,mydear,"andgobacktoherplaceinthemagazinearticle.21.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribedMrs.Calloway?A.diet.B.Strict.C.Humorous.D.Considerate.22.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thisfeeling"refertointhelastparagraph?A.Desiretoread.B.LoveforMrs.Calloway.C.Interestingames.D.Fearofthelibraryrules.23.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.guidebook.B.anautobiography.C.anewsreport.D.bookreview.【答案】21.B22.A23.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要内容为作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样拥有对读书的渴望。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Ineverknewanyonewho’dgrownupinJacksonwithoutbeingafraidofMrs.Callowayourlibrarian.（我从来没见过哪个在杰克逊长大的人不害怕我们的图书管理员卡洛维夫人）以及SILENCEinbigblackletterswasonsignshungeverywhere.Ifshethoughtyouweredressedimproperly,shesentyoustraightbackhometochangeyourclothes.（到处都挂着牌子，上面用黑色的大字写着“肃静”。如果她认为你穿得不合适，她会直接让你回家换衣服）可知Mrs.Calloway很严格。故选B。学科网（北京）股份有限公司

14【22题详解】词义猜测题。根据下文Now,Ithinkofherasreadingsomuchofthetimewhiledoingsomethingelse.（现在，我觉得她在做其他事情的同时，也在阅读）可知作者的妈妈也非常喜欢阅读，故作者的母亲渴望读书和作者是一样的。故划线短语意思为“渴望读书”。故选A。【23题详解】推理判断题。结合文章主要内容可知，作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样渴望读书。故可推测文章可能来自于一份自传。故选B。【点睛】文章出处类推理判断题。做这类题重要的是要抓住文章的内容或结构特征，这是推理判断的前提和基础。如报纸，前面会出现日期、地点、通讯社名称等；广告，其格式特殊，容易辨认；产品说明、器皿设备的使用说明有产品名称或操作方法，而药品的服用说明会告知服用时间、次数和药量等。如第三小题，结合文章主要内容为作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样拥有对读书的渴望。可知文章可能来自于自传。故选B。2020年北京卷之C篇Forthepastfiveyears,PaulaSmith,ahistorianofscience,hasdevotedherselftore-creatinglong-forgottentechniques.Whiledoingresearchforhernewbook,shecameacrossa16th-centuryFrenchmanuscript（手稿）consistingofnearly1,000setsofinstructions,coveringsubjectsfromtoolmakingtofindingthebestsand.Theauthor'sintentionremainsasmysterious（神秘）ashisname;hemayhavebeensimplytakingnotesforhisownrecords.ButSmithwasstruckmainlybythefactthatshedidn'ttrulygraspanyoftheskillstheauthordescribed."Yousimplycan'tgetanunderstandingofthathandworkbyreadingaboutit,"shesays.ThoughSmithdidgetherhandsonthebestsand,doingthingstheold-fashionedwayisn'tjustaboutplayingaroundwithFrenchmud.Reconstructingtheworkofthecraftsmen（工匠）wholivedcenturiesagocanrevealhowtheyviewedtheworld,whatobjectsfilledtheirhomes,andwhatwentonintheworkshopsthatproducedthem.Itcanevenhelpsolvepresent-dayproblems:In2015,scientistsdiscoveredthata10th-centuryEnglishmedicineforeveproblemscouldkilladrug-resistantvirus.Theworkhasalsobroughtinsightsformuseums,Smithsays.Onemustknowhowonobjectwasmadeinordertopreserveit.What'smore,reconstructionsmightbetheonlywaytoknowwhattreasureslookedlikebeforetimeworethemdown.ScholarshaveseenthisideainpracticewithancientGreekandRomanstatues.Thesesculptureswerepaintedarainbowofstrikingcolours.Wecan'tappreciatethesekindsofdetailswithoutseeingworksofartastheyoriginallyappeared-somethingSmithbelievesyoucandoonlywhenyouhavearoadmap.Smithhasputthemanuscript'sideasintopractice.Herfinalgoalistolinktheworldsofartandsciencebacktogether:Shebelievesthatbringingtheoldrecipestolifecanhelpdevelopakindoflearningthathighlightsexperimentation,teamwork,andproblemsolving.Backwhenscience—thencalled“thenewphilosophy”—tookshape,academicslookedtocraftsmenforhelpinunderstandingthenaturalworld.Microscopesandtelescopeswereinventedbywayofartistictinkering（修补）,ascraftsmenexperimentedwithglasstobetterbendlight.Ifwecanrediscoverthevaluesofhands-onexperienceandcraftwork,Smithsays,wecanmarrythebestofourmoderninsightswiththehandinessofourancestors.38.HowdidSmith,feelafterreadingtheFrenchmanuscript?学科网（北京）股份有限公司

15A.Confusedaboutthetechnicalterms.B.Impressedwithitsdetailedinstructions.C.Discouragedbyitscomplexstructure.D.Shockedforherownlackofhandskills.39.AccordingtoSmith,thereconstructionworkisdonemainlyto_____________.A.restoreoldworkshopsB.understandthecraftsmenC.improvevisualeffectsD.inspirethephilosophers40.Whydoestheauthormentionmuseums?A.Torevealthebeautyofancientobjects.B.Topresentthefindingsofoldscience.CTohighlighttheimportanceofantiques.D.Toemphasisethevaluesofhandskills.41.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.CraftsmenSettheTrendsforArtistsB.CraftsmanshipLeadstoNewTheoriesC.CraftsmanshipMakesBetterScientistsD.CraftsmenReshapetheFutureofScience【答案】38.D39.B40.D41.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述科学家PaulaSmith致力于对古代手工技能的研究，认为科学家如果能够把古代的手工技能和现代的科学方法结合起来，就能够创造更大成就。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ButSmithwasstruckmainlybythefactthatshedidn'ttrulygraspanyoftheskillstheauthordescribed."Yousimplycan'tgetanunderstandingofthathandworkbyreadingaboutit,"shesays.”让史密斯震惊的主要是，她并没有真正掌握作者所描述的任何技能。她说:“你根本无法通过阅读来了解这些手工作品。”由此可知读完这份法国手稿，这种手工技能让史密斯感到震惊，故选D。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Reconstructingtheworkofthecraftsmen（工匠）wholivedcenturiesagocanrevealhowtheyviewedtheworld,whatobjectsfilledtheirhomes,”重建几个世纪前工匠的作品，可以揭示他们如何看待世界，他们的家里有什么物件。由此可知，重建工作主要是为了了解工匠。故选B。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Theworkhasalsobroughtinsightsformuseums,Smithsays.Onemustknowhowonobjectwasmadeinordertopreserveit.What'smore,reconstructionsmightbetheonlywaytoknowwhattreasureslookedlikebeforetimeworethemdown.”史密斯说，这项工作也给博物馆带来了深刻的见解。为了保存它，一个人必须知道一件物品是如何制成的。更重要的是，重建可能是唯一的方法，以了解宝藏磨损之前的样子。因此可知，博物馆要想很好保存物品，必须要知道这件物品是如何制成的，也是在强调手工技能的价值，故选D。【41题详解】学科网（北京）股份有限公司

16主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Ifwecanrediscoverthevaluesofhands-onexperienceandcraftwork,Smithsays,wecanmarrythebestofourmoderninsightswiththehandinessofourancestors.”史密斯说，如果我们能重新发现实践经验和工艺的价值，我们就能将现代的最好见解与我们祖先的灵巧结合起来。由此可知本文的中心思想就在于如果科学家能把古代的手工技巧同现代的理论结合起来，就能够获得更多的成就。C选项CraftsmanshipMakesBetterScientists工艺造就了更好的科学家，符合文章主题，适合做标题，故选C。【点睛】标题猜测题。属于主旨大意题的一种，标题应位于文章之首，概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它可以是单词，短语，或句子。确定文章标题，第一，标题要与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容，不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细节；第三，标题范围不应太大或太小；最后，标题应新颖，概括性强并且精炼。小题4中C选项概括文中主旨大意，与主题密切相关，故选C。2020年山东卷之B篇JeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition(学费),becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jeniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed(牺牲)toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.''Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,''shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat'sprettypowerful.4.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?A.Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.B.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.D.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.5.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.C.Tosavemoneyforherparents.D.Tofindawell-paidjobthere.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

176.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?A.Herhealth.B.Hertimewithfamily.C.Herreputation.D.Herchanceofpromotion.7.WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer'sstory?A.Timeismoney.B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C.Hardworkpaysoff.D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。4.细节理解题。根据第二段的Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.(她自食其力读完了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。5.细节理解题。根据第三段的ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMisnistrySaintJoseph’sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-EauClaire项目，因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)可知，Jennifer选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-EauClaire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。6.细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。B.Hertimewithfamily.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。7.推理判断题。根据最后一段的Throughitall,sheremindingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)和However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat’stheprettypowerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得到了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励--这是非常强大的。)可知，Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到:努力总会有回报。C.Hardworkpaysoff.(努力会得到回报)符合以上说法，故选C项。2020年山东卷之C篇Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

18Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland,andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustam,histranslator,alovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,OlegandNatasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral(葬礼)followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistaleawell-roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.8.WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan?A.Hisfriends'invitation.B.Hisinterestinthecountry.C.Hisloveforteaching.D.Hisdesiretoregainhealth.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?ADevelopingaseriousmentaldisease.B.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.C.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.D.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan?A.Romantic.B.Eventful.C.Pleasant.D.Dangerous.11.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Tointroduceabook.B.Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.C.Torememberawriter.D.Torecommendatraveldestination.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.A【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Bissell写的《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》这本书。这本书是Bissell在乌兹别克斯坦做志愿者后写的，是对乌兹别克斯坦人生活的一个快速观察。8.细节理解题。根据第一段的”Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry.hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAraSea”可知，几年后，Bissell仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章。因此推断出对这个国家的兴趣让Bissell先生再次返回乌兹别克斯坦。故选B。9.词句猜测题。划线句是第二段首句，that用来指代上文提的事情，因此推断that指代第一段的内容，根据第一段最后一句”Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea(几年后，仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章)”可知，that指代写了一篇关于死海消失的文章这件事，故选D。学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1910.推理判断题。根据第三段”ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral(葬礼)followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.”可知，在乌兹别克斯坦的旅途中，MrBissell既体会到了友善和温暖，也看到了社会的黑暗面。在撒马尔罕，MrBissell欣赏到了的建筑奇观。在前往布哈拉的路上，他因为被怀疑进行毒品交易，他尝到了警察的伎俩。在费尔干纳，他参加了一个山区葬礼，然后参加了一个奇怪的酒会。在卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦，他为沙尘暴、疾病和被困在数英里外的渔船而难过。由此可知，在旅途中，他经历了很多事情。结合选项，B选项(充满事件的，多事的)可以表达此意。故选B。11.推理判断题。文章第一段提到书的作者的乌兹别克斯坦之行，引出他写的书，接下来三段讲述了他的书《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》的故事内容，是乌兹别克斯坦生活的一个快速观察。因此推断本文的写作目的是介绍一本书。故选A。学科网（北京）股份有限公司