2022届新高考英语模考模拟卷（十三）（解析版）

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2022高考英语模考模拟卷（十三）英语试题本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthewomansuggesting?A.ContactingMary.B.GettingSally'saddress.C.SendingmailtoSally.2.HowlongwillittakethewomantoarriveinBeijingbytrain?A.5hours.B.7hours.C.10hours.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anewdress.B.Theweather.C.Arecentevent.4.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheman'snewroommate?A.Hereallylovespotatoes.B.Healwaysvisitshisparents.C.HeiskeenonwatchingTV.5.Whatisthemansearchingfor?A.Gloves.B.Apen.C.Bustickets.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whenwillthespeakersgotothebananafarm?A.At9:00am.B.At2:00pm.C.At5:00pm.7.Wherewillthespeakersbeat6:00pm?A.Atthebutterflypark.B.Onanunfamiliarsite.C.Inthehotel.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthewoman’sjob?A.Anarchitect.B.Agalleryworker.C.Asaleswoman.9.Whatcanweknowabouttheman?A.Heisanarchitectprofessor.B.Hehasnobachelor'sdegree.C.Heknewthegalleryfromafriend.10.Whatdoesthemailthinkoftheexhibition?A.Hefoundthepaintingsgreat.B.Helikedthevideoalot.C.Hefounditdisturbing.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatwillthewomandoonSaturday?A.Seeafilm.B.Visitherparents.C.Dothehousework.12.Whendidtheman'sfamilymovetotheUS?A.Beforehewasborn.B.Athisearlyage.C.Whenhewasateenager.13.WhatdoweknowaboutboysinIndianfamilies?A.Theymusttakecareoftheirsisters.B.Theydon'thelpwiththehousework.C.They'reexpectedtoworkatanearlyage.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WheredoesDr.Gucciwork?A.InParis.B.InLondon.C.InBergamo.15.Atwhattimewillthemanleavefortheairport?A.About6:30am.B.About5:30am.C.About4:15am.16.WhowillthemanhavelunchwithonMonday?A.Gavin.B.GianniRiva.C.Mr.Brown.17.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Asecretary.B.Atourguide.C.Amanager.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthefinancialsupportofthemassmedia?A.Thegovernments.B.Privatecompanies.C.Advertisements.19.Whatdoesthespeakertalkaboutatlast?A.Meansofadvertising.B.People'sviewsonadvertising.C.Thepopularityofadvertisements.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainly-talkabout?A.Theoriginofadvertising.B.Theprosperityofadvertising.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

2C.Thesignificanceofadvertising.参考答案及听力原文1-5ACACB6-10BCBCA11-15CBBAC16-20AACBBText1M:DoyouknowSally'snewaddress?She'sgotsomemailhereandI'dliketosendittoher.W:Well,we'venotbeenintouchforquiteawhile.Marymightknowit.Text2M:HowareyougettingtoBeijing,byairorbytrain?W:Bytrain.Itleavesat7:00pmandarrivesinBejjingat5:00tomorrowmorning.Text3M:Thedressfitsyouperfectly.Isitsomethingyouboughtrecently?W:Actually,I'vehaditforawhile.I'vejustbeenwaitingfortheweathertogetwarmer.Text4W:Howisyournewroommate?M:Well,allIcouldsayisthathe'sarealcouchpotato.Lastweekendheinvitedmeovertohisparents'housetowatchTV.IbetwatchingTVishisonlyhobby.W:Heissoboring.Text5W:Whatareyoulookingfor?M:Gloes..bustickets..change...Everything'shereexceptwhatIneed.W:Andwhat'sthat?M:Myfavoritepen!Ihaditafewminutesago,butitseemstohavedisappeared!Text6W:Todaywillbeanexcitingday.At9o'clockinthemorning,wewillhavethetourofthebutterflyparkandthenlaterat20clockwearegoingtothebananafarm.M:Itdoessoundwonderful!ButwemustrememberthatMr.Millerwillbewaitingtopickusupat5o'clock.W:IshegoingtodriveustoadifferentsitethatIdidn'tknowabout?M:No,heisn't.He'sgoingtodriveustothehotelby6o'clocksothatwecangetdressedfordinner.Tonightwewillbediningwiththedirector.W:Oh,Isee.Text7W:Hello,sir.Doyouhaveamoment?M:Sorry,butwhoareyou?Areyousllingsomething?W:No.Iworkfortheartgalleryyoujustvisited.Iwaswonderingifyouhavetimetoansweraquicksurveyabouttheexhibition.M:OK.Icanspareafewminutes.W:Great.First,what'syournameandoccupation?M:MynameisRaymondWade.Iworkasanarchitect.W:Soyouhaveauniversityeducation?学科网（北京）股份有限公司

3M:Yes,IattendedtheUniversityofTorontoArchitectureSchool.W:Andhowdidyouhearaboutthegallery?Didyouseeourwebsite,orouradinanartmagazine?Orwasitbywordofmouth?M:MyfriendBarrytoldmeaboutyourgallery.W:Isee.Finally,doyouhaveanycommentsabouttheshow?M:Yes,Ilikedthepaintingsverymuch.ButIfoundthevideorecorderabitdisturbing.Text8M:Tammy,doyouwanttogotothemovieswithusonSaturday?W:Hey,Raj!I'dloveto,butIhavetohelpmymomcleanthehouse.M:Toobadforyou!W:Whatdoyoumean?Youneverhavetohelparoundthehouse?M:That'sright!Onlymysistershavetodohousework.W:Howdoyougetawaywiththat?M:Well,myfamilyisalttlemoretraditional,andmyparentslivedinIndiaformostoftheirlives.Infact,wedidn'tmovefromtheretotheUSuntilIwasaboutfour.InmanyIndianfamilies,girlsdothehousework,andboys,well...W:Gettreatedlikekings?M:Exactly.Infact,that'swhatmynamemeans:“king”.W:So,basically,yourparentsspoilyou.M:Iguesstheydo,inmanyways.ButbeingasonmeansI'llhavemoreresponsibilitytowardmyparentswhenIgetolder.Text9M:Linda,I'vefinishedwithMr.Whitenow.Pleasetakeaseat.CouldyoutellmethedetailedinformationaboutthedatearrangementsfortheFrenchtrip?Whenismyfirstmeeting?W:Certainly,Mr.Wilkinson.Everythingisherewithme.YourfirstmeetingisonMondaythe21stat9:00amwithDr.GucciofBancosenPiedrainParis.M:OK.SoIcanflyoutearlyMondaymorning.W:Well,thereisaflightwhichleavesat6:30Londontimeandgetsinat8:30Frenchtime.M:SoitmeansIhavetocheckinby5:30,whichmeansleavinghomeatabout4:15.W:I'mafraidso.Youshouldstartearly.Andtheprogramfortherestofthatdayisquitefull,I'mafraid.At11:00,you'reseeingGianniRivaatMegastarandthenyou'llhavealunchengagementwithGavinfromtheChamberofCommerceat1:00.M:ChamberofCommerce?Where'sthat?W:You'remeetinghimathisofficeandthenhe'stakingyousomewhere.M:Good,thatsoundsfine.Whatabouttheafternoon?W:Well,at3:00,you'reseeingoursalesrepresentativethereandthenyou'refreetilltheeveningM:Isee.IseemtorememberthatImhavingdinnerwithsomeonefromBergamo.W:That'sright.AndMr.BrownfromSAPIndustriesat8o'clock.Text10.Whenyouturnontheradio,youhearanadvertisement.Whenyouwatchtelevision,youhearandsee学科网（北京）股份有限公司

4anadvertisement.Ifyouturnthepagesofanewspaperormagazine,againyoufindanadvertisement.Ifyouwalkdownthestreet,youseeoneadvertisingboardafteranother.Allday,everyday,peoplewhowanttosellyousomethingcompetetocatchyourattention.Asaresult,advertisementsarealmosteverywhere.IntheWest,advertisementsarethefuelthatmakesmassmediawork.ThegovernmentdoesnotgivemoneytomassmediasuchasTVstations,newspapers,magazinesandradiostations.Theyareallownedprivately.Sowheredoesthemoneycomefrom?Fromadvertisements.Withoutadvertisements,therewouldnotbetheseprivatebusinesses.Haveyoueveraskedyourselfwhatadvertisingis?Throughtheyears,peoplehavegivendifferentanswerstothequestion.Forsometimeitwasfeltthatadvertisingwasameansof“keepingyournamebeforethepublic."Andsomepeoplethoughtthatadvertisingwas“truthwelltold."Nowmoreandmorepeopledescribeitinthisway:Advertisingisthepaid,non-personal,andusuallypersuasivedescriptionofgoods,servicesandideasthroughvariousmedia第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AScientificeducationaltoyscandevelopkid’sreasoning,problem-solvingandcriticalthinkingcapacityandimprovetheirhand-eyecoordination(协调).Butthemostpowerfulthingisthatthechildrenwillassociatelearningwithfun.Thatmeanstheywillgrowintoadultswithathirstforknowledgeandahighlydevelopedsetofskillsforlearning.Herearesomeofthebest:·ScienceKitYoucanguaranteetwothingsifyoubuyyourkidsone:alotoffunandalotofmess.It’sa20-piecekitthatteachesthebasicsofchemicalreactions.It’srecommendedforkidsaged6andabove,withadultcompany.Youdon’thavetobeascientist,sincethereisanactivitybookwithinstructionsforpossibleexperiments.·MiniTerraKitYoudon’thavetowaitforthesuntocomeouttoteachkidsaboutthenaturalworld.Thisall-inclusivekitisaminiaturegardenthatsimulatesanaturalenvironmentbyusingapowerfulLEDlight.Itincludesaterrariumjar,light-upjarlid,MicroUSBcharger,andallthenaturalingredientstogetstarted.Italsohasasimpleinstructionbookletthatyoucanworkthroughwithyourkids.·GravityRunThisclassicisnotjustaboutbuildingastructureandwatchingthemarblesgoupanddown.Thegamesaredesignedforkidsaged8+todevelopspatialawareness,planning,andreasoning.With60challenges(beginnertoexpert),thisaward-winninggamecanbeenjoyedbyallthefamily.Theexpertlevelsareactuallyquitechallenging,sobepreparedforsomefailures.·WeRoKitThisprize-winningrobottoyfeaturesover840pieces,aWeRoMoveHub,InteractiveMoto,andaDistanceSensor.Youcanbuilditinto5completelydifferentrobots,meaningendlessfunforthekidsandevenadults.Oncethey’vebuiltthecharacteroftheirchoice,theycanprogrammeittoperformcountlesstasksincludingwalkingandtalkingonitsown.21.Whatisthegreateststrengthofscientificeducationaltoys?A.Trainingyoungscientists.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

5B.StimulatinglearningdesireC.Developinghand-eyecoordination.D.Buildingupproblem-solvinghabits22.Whichtoysuitskidswhoenjoygrowingplants?A.SciencekitB.MiniTerraKit.C.GravityRun.D.WeRoKit.23.WhatisspecialaboutWeRoKit?A.Ithasdifferentlevels.B.Itistheonlyprize-winner.C.Itrequiresparentalguidance.D.Itinvolvesprogrammingskills.本篇是一篇应用文，介绍4种有助于培养孩子们思维和动手能力的玩具。21B。细节题。从原文首段第二句“Butthemostpowerful…..withfun.”可以看出该种玩具最强大的地方是玩和学联系起来，即激发学习欲望。22B。细节题。从原文第三段第一二句Youdon’thavetowaitforthesuntocomeouttoteachkidsaboutthenaturalworld.Thisall-inclusivekitisaminiaturegardenthatsimulatesanaturalenvironmentbyusingapowerfulLEDlight.可见，这个玩具可以让孩子接触自然世界。因此适合喜欢植物的孩子。23D。细节题。题目问WeRoKit有什么特别之处，我们可以通过找出与其他玩具的相似点后排除的方法来解题。只有D讲到WeRoKit需要孩子的编程技巧，而其他玩具都没有提及。BTheGreenwoodfiretookitsnamefromthenearbylakewherelightningstruckonAug.15,causingawildfirethatburnedforweeks.Fueledbydroughtandwind,itspersistencedominatedheadlinesformuchoflatesummerandearlyfallinMinnesota.Whenthelastflameswerefinallyputout,thenorthernMinnesotafirehadconsumednearly27,000acres,countlessfirefightingresources,andatitsworst,thelivesthatsomehadbuiltaroundnearbyMcDougalLake.Vastareasofforestwereleftburned-out,withtheblackandbareremainsofwhatwereoncemassivepines.But,despitethedestructionleftbehind,MotherNatureissettoacomeback.Whenorganicmatterisburnedfromtheforestfloor,seedsdroppedbyplantsandtreesbegintotakehold,withthesproutingspeciesemergingfirst.Thetreesabovehavedied,whichsendsachemicalsignaltotherootsystemthatisactuallymoreexpansivethanjustunderthattree,andthatchemicalresponseencouragesthoserootsystemstore-grow.Tenyearsago,afirerippedthrough93,000acresofMinnesotaforestinandaroundtheBWCA．Today,thatburntarea'srebirthiswellunderway."HereinthePagamiCreekwildfirescar,wehaveJackPine,RedPine,BlackSpruce,Aspenandpaperbirch-thoseareourmainspecies,thosearetheonesthataregrowingquickly.It's10yearson,andthesetreesare10to15feettallinmanyareas,"saidKyleStoverfromtheU.S.ForestService.Awildfirekillsmostthingsinitspath,butdespitetheflamesandintensetemperatures,rarelyiseverythingreducedtoashes-andthatplaysakeyroleinaforest'sregeneration.Justoneyearafterthefire,thesurvivorsdominatetheforest,andgrassesreplacetheburntground.Wildflowersareabundantbushesandsmalltreeshavestartedtogrow,andJackPinereturned.So,it'sanamazingecologicalsystemofcreatingnewforestlifewhenit学科网（北京）股份有限公司

6appearsthatallislost,onethathasevolvedthroughouttheages,wherefirehasalwaysplayedavitalrole.24．WhatcanwelearnabouttheGreenwoodfire?A．ItwasanaturaloccurrenceB．Itwascausedbydrought.C．itgainedhalf-yearfame.D．Ittookmanypeople'slives.25．Whathappenstotheburntareaafterthefire?A．Seedinggrowthisheldup.B．Burntorganicmatterhardlyfunctions.C．RootsystemsspreadfurtherandwiderD．Chemicalsinthesoilareingreaterdemand.26．WhatcanwesayaboutthetreesandplantsinMinnesota?A．TheyareflammableB．Theyarefire-resistantC．Theyarefire-adapted.D．Theyareovergrown.27．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"one"inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Afire.B．AlifeC．Atime.D．Asystem【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述明尼苏达州的植物和树在野火发生之后，可以自行重生，那里的植物适应了火灾。24．细节理解题。根据第一段“TheGreenwoodfiretookitsnamefromthenearbylakewherelightningstruckonAug.15,causingawildfirethatburnedforweeks.”（绿林大火的名字来源于8月15日闪电袭击的附近湖泊，引发了一场持续数周的野火）可知，绿林大火是自然原因引起的大火。故选A。25．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thetreesabovehavedied,whichsendsachemicalsignaltotherootsystemthatisactuallymoreexpansivethanjustunderthattree,andthatchemicalresponseencouragesthoserootsystemstore-grow.”可知，燃烧过后，树的根部系统扩展的更深更广了。故选C。26．推理判断题。根据第二段“But,despitethedestructionleftbehind,MotherNatureissettoacomeback.Whenorganicmatterisburnedfromtheforestfloor,seedsdroppedbyplantsandtreesbegintotakehold,withthesproutingspeciesemergingfirst.”可知，明尼苏达州的植物和树是适应火灾的。故选C。27．词句猜测题。根据上文“So,it'sanamazingecologicalsystemofcreatingnewforestlifewhenitappearsthatallislost,onethathasevolvedthroughouttheages,wherefirehasalwaysplayedavitalrole.”（所以，这是一个神奇的生态系统，创造新的森林生命，当它似乎失去了一切，这是一个进化了很多年的one，在那里，火总是扮演一个重要的角色。），所以one前面只有可数名词单数system前有不定冠词an修饰，表示泛指，所以这里的one指代上文的system。指这是一个进化了很多年的生态系统，在那里，火总是扮演一个重要的角色。故选D。CGuyBryantneverintendedtobeafatherfigure.Butoverthepast12years,he’shousedmorethan50fosterkidsinhisBrooklynapartment.Fordecades,Bryant,61,workedwithteensagingoutofNewYork’schildwelfaresystem.Hisjobwastofindservicesthatwouldmakethetransition（过渡）tolivingontheirowneasier.Buthefeltthatwhathecould学科网（北京）股份有限公司

7accomplishattheNewYorkCityAdministrationforChildren’sServicesofficewasn’tenough.Soin2007,hedecidedtobecomeafosterparent.Inaninterviewlastmonth,BryanttoldRomarioVassell,21,oneofhisfosterchildren,thatagreeingtocareforhimwasdefinitelyoneofthebestdecisionshemadeinfostercare.BryanttoldVassellthathewasnervouswhenhetookinhisfirstfosterchild.Hesaid,“Ilivedaloneatthatpoint,andhewasakidthatnobodywantedtotakebecauseofhisbehaviors.Hegotinafightandheappearedatmyhouse.”BryantsaidhisfamilythoughthewasoutofhismindformakingsuchabiglifestylechangeandwonderedhowBryantwouldadjust.BryanthadbeenVassell’sassignedcaseworkerwhentheymet.BryantsuggestedthatVassell,thenanuntidy18-year-old,considerfostercareasanoptiontogetoutofthehomelessshelterwherehewasstaying.Atfirst,Vassellwashesitant.“Ididn’tknowhowfostercarewas.I’veheardcrazystories,”hesaid.SincelivingwithBryant,Vassellnowfeelslikehehasasupportnetwork.“IfIfeeldownandlikeI’mcornered,IhavesomeoneIcanreachouttoandtalkto,”hesaid.“Andthat’swhatIreallylove.”BryanttoldVassell,“Whateveryou’velearnedfromme,Iwantyoutoteachittosomeoneelse.Becausethat’swhat’simportanttome.”28.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?.A.Theshiftofteens'life.B.AnintroductionofBryant'stask.C.Bryant'schallengeasafosterparent.D.ThereasonforBryant'sbeingafosterparent.29.HowdidBryant'sfamilyfeelabouthisdecision?A.Disappointed.B.Ashamed.C.Puzzled.D.Embarrassed.30.WhatcanweknowaboutVassellfromthetext?A.Heisnowlivingalone.B.HewasBryant'sfirstfosterkid.C.HerefusedBryant'sofferatfirst.D.Hewasinstructedtopaykindnessforward.31.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tocallforsocialcare.B.TopraiseBryant'sdeeds.C.TotellthestoryofVassell.D.TocommentonBryant'slife.本文讲述一位单身老人在过去的12年内收养50多个孩子的暖心故事。28.D。主旨大意题。第二段主要讲述GuyBryant本来的工作是帮助青少年更容易地过渡到独自生活。但他觉得他在纽约市儿童服务办公室取得的成就是不够的。所以他决定成为一名养父母。可见第二段主要是解释了他成为养父的原因。故选D项。29.C。情感态度题。从文章第三段的倒数第二句“Bryantsaidhisfamilythoughthewasoutofhismindformakingsuchabiglifestylechange."可知他的家人认为他做出这么大的生活改变是不理智的说明家人对他的决定感到不理解。故选C项。学科网（北京）股份有限公司

830.D。推理判断题。文章最后一段Bryant对Vassell说的话“Whateveryou'velearnedfromme,Iwantyoutoteachittosomeoneelse.Becausethat'swhat'simportanttome."可知Bryant希望Vassell把善良传播出去。故选D项。31.B。写作意图题。阅读全文可以知道，作者通过讲述Bryant作为一个单身老人在12年内收养50多个福利机构的孩子，给予他们温暖和爱，让他们学会独立的故事，赞扬Bryant所做的好事。故选B项。DAlmosteverymachinewithmovingpartshaswheels,yetnooneknowsexactlywhenthefirstwheelwasinventedorwhatitwasusedfor.Wedoknow,however,thattheyexistedover5,500yearsagoinancientAsia.Theoldestknowntransportwheelwasdiscoveredin2002inSlovenia.Itisover5,100yearsold.Evidencesuggeststhatwheelsfortransportdidn’tbecomepopularforawhile,though.Thiscouldbebecauseanimalsdidaperfectlygoodjobofcarryingfarmingtoolsandhumansaround.Butitcouldalsobebecauseofadifficultsituation.Whilewheelsneedtorollonsmoothsurfaces,roadswithsmoothsurfacesweren’tgoingtobeconstructeduntiltherewasplentyofdemandofthem.Eventually,roadsurfacesdidbecomesmoother,butthisdifficultsituationappearedagainafewcenturieslater.Therehadbeennoimportantchangesinwheelandvehicledesignbeforethearrivalofmodernroaddesign.Inthemid-1700s,aFrenchmancameupwithanewdesignofroad—abaselayeroflargestonescoveredwithathinlayerofsmallerstones.AScotsmanimprovedonthisdesigninthe1820sandastrong,lastingroadsurfacebecameareality.Atroundthesametime,metalhubs(thecentralpartofawheel)cameintobeing,followedbythepneumatictyre(充气轮胎)in1846.Alloywheelswereinventedin1967,sixtyyearsaftertheappearanceoftarmackedroads(柏油路).Aswheeldesigntookoff,vehiclesgotfasterandfaster.32.Whatmightexplainwhytransportwheeldidn’tbecomepopularforsometime?A.Fewknewhowtousetransportwheels.B.Humanscarriedfarmingtoolsjustaswell.C.Animalswereagoodmeansoftransport.D.Theexistenceoftransportwheelswasnotknown.33.Whatdoweknowaboutroaddesignfromthepassage?A.Itwaseasierthanwheeldesign.B.Itimportedafterbigchangesinvehicledesign.C.Itwaspromotedbyfast-movingvehicles.D.Itprovidedconditionsforwheeldesigntodevelop.34.Howisthelastparagraphmainlydeveloped?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byfollowingtimeorder.D.Bymakingclassifications.35.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thebeginningofroaddesign.B.Thedevelopmentoftransportwheels.C.Thehistoryofpublictransport.D.Theinventionoffast-movingvehicles.这是一篇说明文。全文讲述了车轮发展历程及道路设计对车轮发展的影响。32.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Thiscouldbebecauseanimalsdidaperfectlygoodjobofcarryingfarmingtoolsandhumans学科网（北京）股份有限公司

9around.（这可能是因为动物在搬运农具和人类方面做得很好。）”可知，这是因为动物是一种很好的交通工具。故选C。33.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Therehadbeennoimportantchangesinwheelandvehicledesignbeforethearrivalofmodernroaddesign.（在现代道路设计到来之前，车轮和车辆的设计没有任何重要的变化。）”和文章第四段“Aswheeldesigntookoff,vehiclesgotfasterandfaster.（随着车轮设计的发展，车辆的速度越来越快。）”可知，道路设计的发展促进了车轮的发展。故选D。34.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的时间数字Inthemid-1700s、inthe1820s、in1846、in1967可知，最后一段是按照时间顺序发展的。故选C。35.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Almosteverymachinewithmovingpartshaswheels,yetnooneknowsexactlywhenthefirstwheelwasinventedorwhatitwasusedfor.Wedoknow,however,thattheyexistedover5,500yearsagoinancientAsia.（几乎每一台有活动部件的机器都有轮子，但是没有人确切地知道第一个轮子是什么时候发明的，或者它被用来做什么。然而，我们知道它们存在于5500多年前的古亚洲。）”可知，全文讲述了车轮发展历程及道路设计对车轮发展的影响。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）ThreeThingsWeMustDotoTackleClimateChangeWithworldleadersmeetingattheinternationalclimatechangeconferencethisAugustinGlasgowtodiscussurgentglobalactiontomeetoneofthegreatestchallenges，manypeoplestilldon'tknowwhatmustbedone._36However,thegoodnewswegetfromthereportisthatitisnottoolatetoavoidtheworstimpactsofelimalechange,ifwerespondrapidlyanddecisively.Buthow?Itcomesdowntothefollowinthreethings.Stopusingfossilfuelsgradually.37Thatmeansnoexploration,nonewwells,mines,pipelines,orpowerplants.Wealreadyhaveavastamountoffossilfuelinfrastructure(基础设施),anditwilltakedecadestoenditsuse.38Sunandwindarethefastest-growingnewsourcesofenergywehave.Theircostshavefallensharply，makingthemtheleastexpensiveoptionsandencouragingtheadoptionofcleanenergyinmoreandmorelocations.Protecttheworld'sforests.Forestsallovertheworldcurrentlyabsorbaboutathirdofthecarbondioxideouractivitiessendouttotheatmosphere.39Andthismuststop.Tomeettheplanet'sgrowingfoodneeds,expertsurgeimprovedmanagementpracticesonalready-clearedlandratherthanclearingnewland.Finally,itishightimethatwejoinedhandstoprotecttheonlyhomewehave.Ifso,wecantakeonthechallengeaswewouldwhateverthedifficultyis.40Thethreeactionssuggestareessentialforsuccess.A.Boostthedevelopmentofnewtechnology.B.Speeduptheuseofclean,renewableenergy.C.Thealarmingmessagesreleasedurgedustochangeourlifestyle.D.Toachievethis,wemustallownonewdevelopmentofcoal,oilandgas.E.The“codered”reportfromtheconferencegreatlyshockedmanypeople.F.WeareonamissiontosaveplanetEarth,itspeopleanditsnaturalwonders.G.Tropical（热带）forestsareespeciallyatriskandstillbeingclearedforagriculturaluses.36.E。根据下文“However,thegoodnewswegetfromthereportisthatitisnottoolatetoavoidtheworstimpactsofclimatechange,ifwerespondrapidlyanddecisively."”这句话中提到报告中的好消息与上文让这个报告让大家感到震惊构成语义上的转折，可知E为正确答案。学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1037.D。根据这一段的主题句以及后一句“That1meansnoexploration,nonewwells,mines,pipelines,orpowerplants."”"的解释，可知D为正确答案。38.B。主旨大意题。根据这个段落的叙述可知，本段主要是讲加快清洁的可再生能源的使用。因此B为正确答案。39.C。根据本段的主题句，可知本段的重点是讲森林的保护，以及后一句“Andthismuststop."可知G为正确答案。40.F。最后一段的重点是全球的国家要携起手来共同保护地球，我们共同的家园，并总结全文。根据“itishightimethatwejoinedhandstoprotecttheonlyhomewehave.”可知F为正确答案。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onawarmpre-springafternoon,Isatonthebalcony,enjoyingtheweatherandagoodbook.Somebirdssangsoftlyforthecomingofspring.I____41____myheadatthesoundofatrain’shornwailingintothestillair.Iwatchedtherailcarsrollby.Thefullcarsrumbled（隆隆响）past,butthe____42____ones,rattled（嘎吱地响）andbangedalong,makingmorenoise.They’re____43___fortheears.The____44____betweenthefullandemptycarsmakesmethinkofthepeopleinmylife.IrememberDon,whogavemea____45___athiscompany.Itwasapleasuretoworkunderhisleadership.Hedidn’torderhis____46____;heguidedthem.Duringourfirstweeklymeeting,heaskedme,“Whatdidyouaccomplishlastweek?”I____47____,unsureofwhattosay.Donthenasked,“Whatareyourplansforthisweek?”Istumbled（结巴）again.Thosetwo____48____ledmetothinkandplan.Fromthenon,eachmeetingIshowedupwithmy____49____fortheweekandplansforthenext.Anotheremptyrailcarrattledby,remindingmeofaformerco-worker.WhenIwasworkingonatrouble,hewould____50____me.Iignoredhimandtriedto_____51____mytaskbutIcouldn’t.Ihadbeensureofmyselfbuthiswordsmademe_____52____myabilities.Youmeetquietandnoisyonesasyoutravelthrough_____53_____Thequietonesarefullof_____54_____:greatleadersandmentors(导师).Thenoisyones:emptyofknowledge.Theythinktheycan_____55____thosearoundthembymakingalotofnoiseandmakethemselveslookimportant.Inreality,theyarejustemptycars.41．A．buriedB．liftedC．shookD．scratched42．A．emptyB．oldC．slowD．dirty43．A．strangeB．clearC．bearableD．painful44．A．interactionB．comparisonC．similarityD．competition45．A．prizeB．jobC．handD．call46．A．colleaguesB．customersC．assistantsD．employees47．A．hesitatedB．admittedC．escapedD．smiled48．A．explanationsB．suggestionsC．questionsD．messages学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1149．A．preparationsB．challengesC．approachesD．accomplishments50．A．teaseB．praiseC．interruptD．observe51．A．putoffB．cleanupC．focusonD．carryout52．A．recognizeB．doubtC．predictD．lose53．A．lifeB．natureC．spaceD．history54．A．patienceB．creativityC．courageD．knowledge55．A．foolB．defeatC．educateD．amuse这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者在温暖的早春午后，坐在阳台上，享受着好天气和一本好书，然后被通过的火车打破了这种宁静的画面。作者听到装满货物的车厢和空车厢发出不同的声音，联想到人生中遇到的形形色色的人。41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：火车的喇叭声在寂静的空气中呼啸，我抬起了头。A.buried埋葬；B.lifted抬起；C.shook摇晃；D.scratched刮伤。根据下文“Iwatchedtherailcarsrollby.”可知，作者抬起头看火车驶过。故选B项。42．考查形容词词义辨析。A.empty空的；B.old旧的；C.slow慢的；D.dirty脏的。根据上文“Thefullcarsrumbledpast”以及空前的but表示转折可知，此处表示空车驶过的声音。故选A项。43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得耳朵疼。A.strange奇怪的；B.clear清晰的；C.bearable可忍受的；D.painful痛苦的。根据上文“Thefullcarsrumbledpast,butthe_______ones,rattledandbangedalong,makingmorenoise.”可知，火车驶过发出的声音使耳朵痛苦。故选D项。44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：满载的火车和空车的比较让我想起了我生活中的人。A.interaction互动；B.comparison比较；C.similarity相似性；D.competition竞争。根据上文“Thefullcarsrumbledpast,butthe________ones,rattledandbangedalong,makingmorenoise.”可知，此处表示满载的火车与空车进行比较。故选B项。45．考查名词词义辨析。A.prize奖品；B.job工作；C.hand手；D.call电话。根据下文“Itwasapleasuretoworkunderhisleadership.”可知，唐在自己的公司给了作者一份工作。故选B项。46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有命令他的员工；他引导他们。A.colleagues同事；B.customers客户；C.assistants助理；D.employees员工。根据上文“Itwasapleasuretoworkunderhisleadership.”以及下文“Duringourfirstweeklymeeting,heaskedme,“Whatdidyouaccomplishlastweek?””可知，作者是唐的员工，唐没有命令员工。故选D项。47．考查动词词义辨析。A.hesitated犹豫；B.admitted承认；C.escaped逃脱；D.smiled微笑。根据下文“unsureofwhattosay.”可知，作者不知道该说什么，所以作者犹豫了一下。故选A项。48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两个问题促使我思考和计划。A.explanations解释；B.suggestions建议；C.questions问题；D.messages信息。根据上文“Whatdidyouaccomplishlastweek?”以及“Whatareyourplansforthisweek?”可知，唐问作者的两个问题促使作者思考和计划。故选C项。49．考查名词词义辨析。A.preparations准备；B.challenges挑战；C.approaches方法；D.accomplishments成就。根据上文“Whatdidyouaccomplishlastweek?”可知，唐询问作者上周取得了什么成就，所以此处表示作者总是会带着本周的成就出席会议。故选D项。学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1250．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我遇到麻烦时，他会取笑我。A.tease取笑；B.praise表扬；C.interrupt打断；D.observe观察。根据下文“hiswordsmademe______myabilities.”可知，这位前同事会在作者遇到麻烦时取笑作者。故选A项。51．考查动词短语辨析。A.putoff推迟；B.cleanup清理；C.focuson专注于；D.carryout执行。根据下文“Ihadbeensureofmyselfbuthiswordsmademe______myabilities.”可知，作者做不到专注于自己的任务。故选C项。52．考查动词词义辨析。A.recognize认识；B.doubt怀疑；C.predict预测；D.lose失去。根据上文“WhenIwasworkingonatrouble,hewould______me.”可知，前同事取笑作者的话使得作者怀疑自己的能力。故选B项。53．考查名词词义辨析。A.life人生；B.nature自然；C.space空间；D.history历史。根据语境，此处表示在人生中，你会遇见不同的人。故选A项。54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：安静的人充满知识：伟大的领导者和导师。A.patience耐心；B.creativity创造力；C.courage勇气；D.knowledge知识。根据下文“greatleadersandmentors”和“Thenoisyones:emptyofknowledge”可知，安静的人是充满知识的人。故选D项。55．考查动词词义辨析。A.fool愚弄；B.defeat失败；C.educate教育；D.amuse娱乐。根据下文“bymakingalotofnoise”可知，吵闹的人认为他们可以通过制造噪音来愚弄人们。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。IhavebeenlivinginXiamenformorethansixyears,buteverytimeIvisitKulangsu,itfeelsspecial.WhenIfirstvisitedtheisland,itfeltlike____56____(step)backintime,rightintoatimewhenpeoplewereclosertooneanother.____57____(casual)walkingthroughtheislestreets,bumpingintoanoldfriend,sharingafew____58___(word)withanothervisitorwhocrossesyourpath...Seeminglytrivial(微不足道的)thingsbutsuchpreciousexperiencesinourhurriedmodempacesoflife.Thanksto____59__(it)specialmixofculturalandhistoricalelements,Kulangsumakesyoufeelenriched,andmakesyouwant____60____(know)moreaboutitshistory.Moreover,thankstothefact____61____itisapedestrian-onlyisland,visitorscanenjoylongwalkstravellingthehistoricalsettlement.Thankstothe____62____(unique),theislandreceivessome10milliontouristseveryyear.Subsequently(随后),itspreservationbecomes____63___bigchallengetothelocalgovernment.Inordertobettermanagevisitortrafficonandofftheisland,thereisaninternationalferryterminalthatspecifically____64____(cater)tosightseers.PeoplelivingontheislandandholdersofaXiamenSocialInsuranceCardcanusethesmaller,fasterferrylocatednext____65_____yetanothertoptouristspotinXiamen,ZhongshanPedestrianRoad.Kulangsu...Everytimeyougothere,you’llfindanewspot.Andanewstory.本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述作者去鼓浪屿旅游的感受。56．考查非谓语。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动名词做表示“好像”的意思的介词like的宾语。故填stepping。57．考查副词。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查副词修饰动词walk。谓语句首，首字母大写。故填Casually。学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1358．考查名词。句意：见第2题。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查被afew修饰的可数名词复数形式做动词share的宾语。故填words。59．考查代词。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰后面的名词mix。故填its。60．考查非谓语。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词不定式做want的宾语。故填toknow。61．考查同位语从句。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查同位语从句，从句itisapedestrian-onlyisland中基本成分完整，上下文不缺少意思连贯，所以只需要连接词that连接上下文。故填that。62．考查名词。句意：对亏了这个独特的地方，这个岛每年接待大约1千万的游客。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词作Thanksto的宾语，因为是不可数名词，所以用单数形式即可。故填uniqueness。63．考查冠词。句意：随后，它的保护对当地政府来说变成了一个巨大的挑战。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查可数名词单数形式challenge前要用不定冠词修饰，表示泛指。big首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。64．考查时态。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查定语从句中的一般现在时的谓语动词形式，主语是先行词aninternationalferryterminal，所以谓语要用第三人称单数形式。故填caters。65．考查固定搭配。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配nextto表示“挨着”的意思。故填to。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）你在某外文网站上看到一篇题为“MyHomeTradition”的帖子，大家纷纷在其下面回帖，讲述自己的国家、文化和家庭的传统或者习俗。请你用英语写一篇跟帖，要点如下：1.阅读其他跟帖之后的感受；2.讲述自己家乡的传统或文化习俗。注意：1.词数80左右；2.首句已为你写好。Ihavereadallofthepostsabove._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文：学科网（北京）股份有限公司

14Ihavereadallofthepostsabove.Itisgreattoknowaboutsomanyinterestingtraditionsfromyouall.I’mfromChina,andwehaveplentyoftraditionalholidaysandcelebrations.TheoneImissmostistheLanternFestival,whichtakesplaceon15thJanuaryoftheChineseyear.Duringthefestival,allkidswillbringtogetherlanternsofdifferentshapestoseewhohasthebestoneandthenstartmarchingaroundtheneighborhoodlikealittlearmy.Inmyopinion,differentcountrieshavedifferenttraditions,buttheyhavethesamepurpose:toenjoyahappylife.第二节（满分25分）Whateverisbringingyoudown,getridofit.Becauseyou’llfindthatwhenyou’refree...yourtrueselfcomesout.~TinaTurnerMrs.Dwasoneofthoseteacherswholovedherjob.ThoughIwasn’toneofherstudents,shestillinvitedmeintoherofficeduringlunchtochataboutlifeandwhatwasgoingoninmyfifteen-year-oldmind.ShewasafewinchesshorterthanIwas,withlonghairandglasses,andalwayshadasmileonherface.EverystudentwhocrossedherpathcouldagreethatMrs.D’sgentlespiritandgiftofencouragementcouldmakeeventhemosttroubledofstudentsbelieveinthemselves.Irememberwalkingtoherofficeonedayforoneofourregularlunchtimechats,rehearsingtheday’stopicinmyhead.ThatweekhadbeenparticularlychallengingbecauseIwasboggeddownwithhonorscourseworkandmidterms.Ontopofthat,IhadjustfoundoutthepersonIthoughtwasmybestfriendblabbedmydeepestsecretsaroundschool.IttookallIhadnottobreakdownasIgentlytappedonMrs.D’sofficedoor.Knockknock!“It’sme,Jocelyn.CanIcomein?”Mrs.Dmotionedformetostepintoherofficejustasshewasfinishingupacall.“Hey,sweetie!Howwasyourdaytoday?”“It’sgoingokay,Iguess.Ididwanttotalktoyouaboutsomething,though.”Ipulledupachairandploppedmybookbagdownonthefloorbesideme.AsIbegantellingMrs.Daboutmywoes,tearswelledupinthecornersofmyeyes.Itoldherthatontopofeverythinggoingonatschool,mybestfriendwasactuallynotmyfriendatall,andIfeltthatIcouldn’ttrustanyone.Mrs.DthoughtforawhileandsaidMylifewaschangedsincethen.学科网（北京）股份有限公司

15Mrs.Dthoughtforawhileandsaid:“Iunderstandyou’veregardedherasyourbestfriend,andyoucan’tunderstandwhatshedid“butdon’tletthatmakeyoubitterordepressed.Youshouldn’tletwhatyourfriendhasdonestopyoufromgivingloveandbeingthesweetyoungladythatyouare.Thefactthatshehasbetrayedyoumeansshehasunfinishedissueswithinherself.Thishasnothingtodowithyou.Neverlettheinsecuritiesofothersdeterminewhoyouare.”Mylifewaschangedsincethen.Herwords—“Neverlettheinsecuritiesofothersdeterminewhoyouare.”alwaysoccurredtomymindaftertheconversation，andtheexperiencesinmylatercareerandlifeprovedthatheradvicewasstillringingtrue.IfIhadallowedthecrueltyofonepersontochangemyentirecharacters,Iwouldn’thavebecomethewomanIamtoday.Ihaveahappyfamilyandtrustedfriendsnow；I’msurroundedbyloveandgreatpeople.Iowedalltoheradviceandtomyself.学科网（北京）股份有限公司